Medication
Eye/Ear
Hodge Podge
Eyes
Ears
100

Name one of the classes of eye drops we may use to treat glaucoma

1. Beta blocker opthalmic drops

E.G. Timolol (Timoptic) Betatoxol (Betoptic)

2. Cholingeric agents (miotics)

E.G. Physostigmine (Isopto Eserine), Pilocarpine (Pilocar)


100

What is presbyopia?

Inability to focus up close (farsighted) due to decreased elasticity in the lens.

100

What is fluorescein angiography?

Angiography with dye that uses special cameras to find leaks or damaged blood vessels in retina or deeper choroidal level

(Can be helpful diagnosing retinopathy, retinal bleeding, and macular degeneration)

100

Name at minimum 3 symptoms that occur with retinal detachment

Floaters

Flashes

Field cut

(Curtain being lowered, No pain, Looking through cobb webs or veil)

100

What does the mnemonic CALM EAR stand for?

C-cisplantin, carboplatin

A-aminoglycosides (tobramycin, gentamycin)

L-loop diuretics (furosemide)

M-malaria (quinine)

E-erythromycin

A-aspirin

R-red man syndrome (vancomycin)

200

How do carbonic anhydrase inhibitors work to treat vertigo?

 E.G. Diamox (Acetazolamide), Dyazide (Triamterene/HCTZ)


Works by restricting the over production of fluid in the inner ear.


200

Name at a diagnostic test used to test visual acuity

Snellen chart

Rosenbaum

LogMar

200

This test is used to assess intraocular pressure and potential glaucoma

Tonometry

200

Discuss nursing education for a client with glaucoma. Name at least 2

-You will need to be on lifelong medication

-Avoid anticholinergic medications which cause the pupils to dilate (Atropine, Diphenhydramine, Hydroxyzine)

-Contact HCP prior to starting new medications

**NCLEX tip-wear MedicAlert bracelet**

200

What are signs and symptoms of otosclerosis?

Progressive bilateral hearing loss (usually begins in adolescence)

Tinnitus

Pinkish/orange tympanic membrane on otoscopic exam

300

What do mydriatic eye drops due?

E.G. atropine (Isopto Atropine)

Dilate pupils for examination


***Dark glasses are needed until medication wears off***

300

What does the 6 cardinal fields of gaze test?

Muscle balance and eye movement

300

What is normal intraocular pressure

10-20 mm Hg

300

What are the two types of macular degeneration?

(Need to describe them)

1. Dry- Photoreceptors in the macula fail

2. Wet-Retinal tissue degenerates, new fragile blood vessels form, leaking of fluid under the macula

(Slow progressive central vision loss)

300

What are some nursing care interventions after a stapedectomy?

Bedrest for several hours

Lie on unaffected side

Cotton ball in ear (change prn)

Sneeze with mouth open

Avoid blowing nose, flying, scuba diving, exercise

400

What is the mechanism of beta adrenergic blockers prescribed for the eyes?

E.G. timolol (Timoptic), betatoxol (Betoptic)

Reduces intraocular pressure by reducing aqueous humor formation and increasing its outflow


**Monitor for bradycardia, heart block, wheezing**

400

What is the process of hearing?

Sound waves come into ear via auditory canal

Vibrations get transmitted via the tympanic membrane to the auditory ossicles to the inner ear

Hair cells bend in inner ear and generate impulses that get transmitted to the temporal lobe of the brain via cranial nerve VII (vestibulocochlear)

400

What is glaucoma?

An ocular disease that damages the optic nerve by causing increased pressure in the eye from fluid build up.

Primary open angle-decreased outflow of aqueous humor

Primary angle closure-blocked out flow

400

What type of glaucoma is a considered a medical emergency that causes sudden eye pain?

Primary angle closure glaucoma

400

What is Meniere disease?

Dilation of the labyrinth

500

What is the mechanism of action of antiangiogenetics medications?

E.G. pegatanib (Macugen), nedocromil (Alocril)

Inhibits growth of new blood vessels and slows progression of wet age related macular degeneration

500

What is the process of equilibrium?

Inner ear has receptors for equilibrium within the semicircular canals. They detect movement of the head. (Vestibular system)

Hair cells bend in response to head position and generate an impulse via cranial nerve VIII (vestibular portion) to cerebellum, medulla

500

What is the difference between conductive hearing loss and sensorineural?

Conductive- Sound waves do not reach the inner ear due to an issue with the outer or middle ear. E.g. cerumen, otosclerosis

Sensorineural-When the inner ear, vestibulocochlear nerve, or brain's processing center are damaged. E.g. Ototoxic medications, congenital

500

Discuss post-op instructions after cataract surgery (name at least 3)

No heavy lifting (Less than 10 lbs)

Avoid bending at the waist

Avoid water/shampoo in eyes

Wear eye shield

500

What are the triad of symptoms in Menieres disease?

Tinnitus

Vertigo

Sensorineural hearing loss

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