Distillation
Fractional distillation separates liquids that have different
boiling points
What type of mixture uses this method of separation
Suspension
What is the basis of separation in solvent extraction?
difference in solubility in different solvents that are immiscible
Evaporation and crystallization is used to separate what type of solution
solid and liquid
What is the basis for separation in the sublimation method
one of the solid sublimes the other does not
What is the difference between the apparatus of simple and fractional distillation?
fractionating column
What is a filtrate?
The liquid that passes through the filter paper
Name two solvents that will dissolve iodine
Hexane
tetrachloromethane
When heated why does solution become more concentrated
Solvent evaporate so there is less solvent
Name to two phases in chromatography
Mobile phase
Stationery phase
Which distillation is used to separate ethanol and water?
Fraction distillation
The basis of separation using decantation is
Difference in particle size
How do we separate immiscible liquids
Separating funnel
Outline how you would separate a mixture of copper sulphate and water
Place in evaporating dish
heat to saturate then allow to cool and crystallize
What method would you use to separate a mixture of amino acids
Paper chromatography
Explain terms miscible and immiscible relating to liquids. Give examples
Miscible liquids are liquids that mix. Immiscible liquids do not mix.
ethanol & water oil & water
What is the purpose of the filter paper
Serves as a barrier that allows liquid to pass through but not the solid
How can we separate mixture of food coloring and oil
Add water to the mixture
place in separating funnel
tape off water and food colouring an water
Explain the formation of crystals as solution cools
This is because the solubilty of salt decrease as temperature decreases
The component that is most soluble in the solvent would travel
the furthest up the filter paper
Explain the method of fractional distillation
1. Mixture boils and evaporate and enters fractionating column 2. Vapour with higher boiling point condenses and return to flask 3. vapour from liquid with lower boiling point reaches top of fractionating column and enters condenser 4. collected
Why is filtration method more advantageous compred to decantation
It is able to remove tinier particles from the solvent
Explain how you would separate a solution of iodine and potassium iodide in water
Put in a separating funnel
Add hexane
potassium iodide in water will be denser
and will be taped off
Why is it advantageous to evaporate and crystallize instead of just simple evaporate
Some Salt can decompose
What can the chromatogram by treated with when substance separated is colorless
locating agent - ninhydrin