industries & services
services offered by the government to provide security and protection for citizens and businesses
public services
a market center for the exchange of services by people attracted from the surrounding area
central place
an extended urban area, typically consisting of several towns merging with the suburbs of one or more cities
conurbation/megapolis
a community's collection of basic industries (industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement)
economic base
refers to the practice in which real estate brokers guide prospective home buyers towards or away from certain neighborhoods based on their race
racial steering
businesses that provide services primarily to individual consumers, including retail services and education, health, and leisure services
consumer services
the maximum distance people are willing to travel to use a service
range (of a service)
the largest settlement in a country, if it has more than twice as many people as the 2nd-ranking settlement
primate city
a rural settlement in which the houses and farm buildings of each family are situated close to each other, with fields surrounding the settlement
a law that limits the permitted uses of land and maximum density of development in a community
zoning ordinance
the goal of these is to attract designers of computers, semiconductors, telecommunications, sophisticated medical equipment, etc. Ex: Cali's Silicone Valley
high-tech corridors
the area surrounding a central place from which people are attracted to use the place's goods and services
hinterland/market area
an urbanized area between 10,000 and 50,000 inhabitants, the county in which it is found, and adjacent counties tied to the city
micropolitan statistical area
the underlying framework of services and amenities needed to facilitate productive activity of a city or government. the basic structure of services, installations, and facilities needed to support industrial, agricultural, and other economic development; included are transportation, communications, water, power, and other utilities.
infrastructure
process by which real estate agents convince white property owners to sell their houses at low prices because of fear that black families will soon move into the neighborhood
blockbusting
industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement
basic industries
areas of maximization where local demand for a service creates revenue higher than the local cost of doing business
spatial margin of profitability
outlined by a group of architects, urban planners, and developers from 20+ countries; an urban design that calls for development, urban revitalization, and suburban reforms that create walkable neighborhoods with a diversity of housing and jobs
new urbanism
a pattern of settlements in a country such that the nth largest settlement in 1/n the population of the largest settlement
rank-size rule
a process by which banks draw lines on a map and refuse to lend money to purchase or improve property within the boundaries
redlining
services that primarily meet the needs of other businesses, including professional, financial, and transportation services
business services
explains that distribution of services based on the fact that settlements serve as centers of market areas for services; larger settlements are fewer and farther apart than smaller settlements and provide services for a larger # of ppl who are willing to travel farther
central place theory
in the U.S., a central city of at least 50,000 pop., the county the city is in, and adjacent counties meeting one of several tests indicating functional connection to the city
metropolitan statistical area
many post-industrial cities have a commercial/economic central area, often called the central business district (CBD) @ the center of the city. often surrounded by a beltway/highway around the city. a city that's been taken over by car-based living & urban sprawl has a rapidly growing suburb and an increasing # of decentralized edge cities.
gravity or peripheral model
an affordable housing tool that links the production of affordable housing to the production of market-rate housing. these policies either require or encourage new residential developments to make a certain percentage of housing units affordable to low or moderate income residents
inclusionary zoning (IZ)