Chapter 1 Vocab
Psychology
Scientific study of behavior and the mind
Evolutionary
Impact of natural selection on human traits
What is the first thing you do based on the scientific method?
Question
What makes up the central nervous system?
brain and spinal cord
What is nature? (in nature vs. nurture)
refers to genetics and all the factors that we inherited
Hindsight Bias
the tendency of people to overestimate their ability to have predicted an outcome that could not possibly have been predicted.
Behavior
Any relatively enduring change in behavior due to practice and experience
For a hypothesis to be valid, it needs to be ______ and ______
testable, and supported by evidence
What is the PNS responsible for?
responsible for gathering information and for transmitting CNS decisions to other body parts
What is nurture? (in nature vs. nurture)
refers to the variables of the environment; things that happen after you're born
Naturalistic Observation
involves observing involves studying the spontaneous behavior of participants in natural surroundings. The researcher simply records what they see in whatever way they can.
Sociocultural
Group membership influences individual attitudes and behavior
In an experiment, the variable you measure is the
dependent variable
What are the 3 parts of the brain that make up the limbic system?
the amygdala, hypothalamus, and hippocampus
Who is Phineas Gage?
an American railroad construction foreman remembered for his improbable survival of an accident in which a large iron rod was driven completely through his head, destroying much of his brain's left frontal lobe
Case Study
Case studies are in-depth investigations of a single person, group, event or community.
emphasized the ways our unconscious mind and childhood experiences affect our behavior
In an experiment, the variable that you change is the
independent variable
What is the cerebral cortex responsible for?
It plays a key role in attention, perception, awareness, thought, memory, language, and consciousness
What is consciousness?
Our subjective awareness of ourselves and our environment
Give an example of correlation
Perfect correlation + or - 1.00
High correlation + or - .80
Moderate + or - .50
Low .20 ; No correlation = 0
Cognitive
the study of mental processes, such as occur when we perceieve, learn, remember, think, communicate, and solve problems
Name the 6 things you do in the scientific method
question, hypothesis, experiment, collect data, analyze, report
What four lobes make up the cerebral cortex?
the frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal
What is insomnia?
Recurring problems in falling or staying asleep