Digestive Anatomy
These organs assist digestion but are not part of the alimentary canal.
What are accessory organs?
Wave-like contractions that propel food through the digestive tract.
What is peristalsis?
The gland that secretes both digestive enzymes and insulin.
What is the pancreas?
The sum of all chemical reactions in the body.
What is metabolism?
The process of converting water to vapor to cool the body.
What is evaporation?
The serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and folds to form mesenteries.
What is the peritoneum?
The enzyme secreted by chief cells that begins protein digestion.
What is pepsin (from pepsinogen)?
The organ that stores and concentrates bile.
What is the gallbladder?
The series of reactions that break large molecules into smaller ones.
What is catabolism?
The macronutrient that provides the body’s preferred fuel source, especially for the brain.
What are carbohydrates?
This muscular tube transports food from the pharynx to the stomach.
What is the esophagus?
The phase of gastric secretion triggered by food entering the stomach.
What is the gastric phase?
The duct formed by the union of the common hepatic and cystic ducts.
What is the common bile duct?
This reaction type requires energy input.
What is an endergonic reaction?
This vitamin is essential for blood clotting.
What is vitamin K?
The terminal portion of the stomach that connects to the duodenum.
What is the pylorus?
The muscular motion of the stomach that mixes food into chyme.
What is churning?
These microscopic liver structures consist of hepatocytes arranged around a central vein.
What are liver lobules?
The coenzyme that carries electrons as NADH in cellular respiration.
What is nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)?
This hormone produced by adipocytes decreases hunger.
What is leptin?
The lymphatic vessels within each villus that absorb dietary fats.
What are lacteals?
The hormone that inhibits gastric motility and stimulates bicarbonate release from the pancreas.
What is secretin?
The hormone that causes the gallbladder to contract and release bile.
What is cholecystokinin (CCK)?
The process by which fatty acids are broken down into acetyl-CoA.
What is beta-oxidation?
The structure in the brain that regulates feeding behavior.
What is the hypothalamus?