Doctrine of Discovery & Settler Colonialism
Who established the Doctrine of Discovery?
The pope through papal bulls
What was the first permanent English colony in North America?
Jamestown, Virginia (1607)
What event is considered the start of the American Indian Wars?
The Anglo-Powhatan Wars after English settlement in Jamestown
How many years where indentured servants contracts usually for?
Who led Bacon’s Rebellion in 1676?
Nathaniel Bacon
Name two modern countries where settler colonialism was most prominent.
The United States, Canada, Australia, or South Africa
What happened to the “Lost Colony” of Roanoke?
The settlers disappeared between 1587–1590, leaving the word “Croatoan” carved into a post
What major war involved the Wampanoag and led to devastating losses for Native peoples in New England?
King Philip’s War (1675–1676)
What year did the first African slaves arrive in Jamestown?
1619
What was one major cause of Bacon’s Rebellion?
Frontier settlers were angry the Virginia government refused to fund attacks on Native Americans
How was the Doctrine of Discovery used to justify taking land from Indigenous peoples?
It claimed that Christian nations had the right to claim and rule non-Christian territories
How did Puritan and Pilgrim beliefs influence their treatment of Indigenous peoples?
They saw success as a sign of being “chosen by God,” and defeat/disease as signs of being “damned,” justifying harsh treatment
Who was involved in the Pequot War?
The English Colonists and the Pequot Tribe
What would indentured servants get in exchange for their labor?
A ride to America
What made Bacon’s Rebellion “fearsome” to Virginia’s elite?
White indentured servants and Black slaves united against the wealthy ruling class
Explain one key difference between settler colonialism and exploitation colonialism.
Settler colonialism replaces the native population, while exploitation colonialism focuses on extracting resources
Describe one cause and one result of conflict between settlers and Native Americans in Massachusetts Bay.
Cause: Expansion onto Native lands; Result: Wars like King Philip’s War that decimated Native populations
When did the Yamasee War take place?
1715 to 1717
What was one difference between indentured servants and enslaved Africans in early Virginia?
Indentured servants had a date for freedom and technically did have rights and access to the judicial system.
How did the Virginia Slave Codes of 1705 reflect lessons learned from Bacon’s Rebellion?
They hardened racial divisions and made slavery permanent to prevent future alliances