Stages of Meiosis
In which stage of meiosis do homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material through crossing over?
Prophase I.
What are the two types of gametes involved in sexual reproduction?
Sperm and egg cells.
What is the primary source of genetic variation in sexually reproducing organisms?
Meiosis, particularly through processes like crossing over and independent assortment.
How much is your final worth?
30%
What is the term for a specific location on a chromosome that codes for a particular trait?
Gene.
During which stage of meiosis I do homologous chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell?
Metaphase I.
What term describes the process where a sperm cell and an egg cell combine?
Fertilization.
What term describes the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during Prophase I of meiosis?
Crossing over.
What is your Professors name?
Dr. Luis Materon
Humans have 46 chromosomes. How many of these chromosomes are autosomes?
44 autosomes (22 pairs).
What stage follows Telophase I and involves the division of the cell’s cytoplasm to form two cells?
Cytokinesis I.
What is the name of the single cell formed immediately after fertilization?
Zygote.
How does independent assortment during meiosis contribute to genetic diversity?
It results in the random distribution of maternal and paternal chromosomes into gametes, creating different combinations of alleles.
What percent is your lecture grade?
75%
What is the term for a chromosome pair that carries genes for the same traits, one inherited from each parent?
Homologous chromosomes.
In which stage of meiosis II do sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles of the cell?
Anaphase II.
In humans, how many chromosomes does each gamete contribute to the zygote?
23 chromosomes.
What is the difference between homozygous and heterozygous alleles?
Homozygous means having two identical alleles for a trait, while heterozygous means having two different alleles for a trait.
What percent is your lab grade?
25%
What is the difference between a dominant and a recessive allele?
A dominant allele expresses its trait even if only one copy is present, while a recessive allele expresses its trait only when two copies are present.
At the end of which stage of meiosis do four genetically unique haploid cells form?
Telophase II (followed by Cytokinesis II).
What process occurs after fertilization, causing the zygote to divide and eventually develop into an embryo?
Mitosis.
How does sexual reproduction increase genetic diversity compared to asexual reproduction?
Sexual reproduction combines genetic material from two parents, leading to offspring with unique genetic combinations, whereas asexual reproduction produces genetically identical offspring.
What time does PLTL end on Thursday?
4:45pm
What process ensures that each gamete (egg or sperm) receives one copy of each chromosome during meiosis?
Independent assortment.