Chromosomes
How many chromosomes are there?
46
The cell cycle includes what?
interphase before meiosis starts?
In asexual reproduction the organism inherits...?
all traits from the parent so it is genetically identical.
a Genotype is...?
an organism's allele pairs
Gregor Mendel is famous for...?
his Garden pea plant experiment
What is created when one chromosome from each parent pairs together?
Homologous chromosomes
what is the first stage of meiosis?
prophase is the first stage of mitosis
Most protists and simpler organisms...?
reproduce both ways.
A Phenotype is...?
the observable characteristics or outward expression of an allele pair
Polyploidy is...?
the occurrence of one or more extra sets of all chromosomes in an organism
How many chromosome pairs are in a unfertilized pea plants?
n^7/ 7 pairs
When the chromosomes are separated the chromosome number is reduced to what?
from 2n to n.
how do more advanced organisms reproduce?
only produce sexually.
Homozygous means
an organism with 2 of the same alleles for a particular trait
in menders law of segregation he states that...?
2 alleles for each trait separate during meiosis
During meiosis what happens to the chromosome number?
it is divided in half
during metaphase in mitosis, the individual chromosomes, which consist of 2 sister chromatids do what? line up at the cells equator.
They line up at the cells equator.
In sexual reproduction what happens to the beneficial genes.
they multiply faster over time than they do in asexual reproduction.
Heterozygous means
an organism with 2 different alleles for a particular trait
what are the two types of punnet squares?
Monohybrid Cross Punnett squares and Dihybrid Cross Punnett squares
Meiosis reduces...?
the number of chromosomes through the separation of homologous chromosomes. UNLIKE MITOSIS
Name all the phases of meiosis?
interphase, prophase, metaphase 1, anaphase 1, telophase 1.
if a protist is reproducing what way is it reproducing?
sexually and asexually
what do Dominate alleles do?
They take over recessive
what was the ratio Mendel found?
3:1