Experimenting with Confederation
State governments were supreme in some matters while the national government was supreme in other matters. The delegates called this new form of government a ______________, or alliance.
Confederation
This called for three-fifths of the state's slaves to be counted as population.
Three-Fifths Compromise
Term for official approval
Ratification
Makes Laws
Legislative
A government in which citizens rule through their elected representatives.
Republic
Farmers rebellion that caused panic and dismay throughout the nation.
Shays's Rebellion
First 10 amendments of the Constitution are called _______.
Bill of Rights
Carry out laws; enforces laws.
Executive
Under the ___________, Congress would become the single branch of national government, but it would have limited powers in order to protect the liberties of the people.
Articles of Confederation
The agreement to create a two-house legislature became known as the __________.
Great Compromise
Supporters of the Constitution
Federalist
Interpret the law
Judicial Branch
The idea that governments should be based on the consent of the people.
Republicanism
The new system of government was a form of ____________ that divided power between the national government and the state governments.
Federalism
People who opposed the Constitution.
Antifederalists
President is a part of this branch
Executive
To form a political system for the region, Congress passed the ______________. It created a system for bringing new states into the Union.
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Keeps any branch of government from becoming too powerful.
Checks and Balances
These essays supporting the Constitution were written anonymously under the name Publius. They were actually written by Hamilton, Madison, and Jay.
The Federalist
Made up of the House of Representatives and the Senate.
Legislative
Congress passed the __________, which set up a system for surveying and dividing western land.
Land Ordinance of 1785
Leader at the Constitutional Convention. One of the main authors of the Constitution. Wrote for the Federalist Papers. Becomes the fourth President
James Madison
Name two freedoms guaranteed by the Bill of Rights
Religious and Political freedom; Right to bear arms; Freedom from quartering troops; Freedom against unreasonable search and seizure; Rights of accused persons; Right to a speedy, public trial; Right to a trial by jury; Limits on fines and punishments; Rights of the people; Powers of states and the people.
Judicial
Why did the states fear a strong central government?
They fought a war to free themselves from a strong central government.
Explain the separation of powers established by the Constitution.
The executive, the legislative, and the judicial branches prevent any one branch from dominating the other.
Why did the states ratify the Constitution once a bill of rights was promised?
They believed the states and individual rights of citizens were protected. Brought the Antifederalists on board.
Executive/President
Congress could not enact and collect taxes; Congress could not regulate interstate or foreign trade; each state had only one vote; two-thirds needed to agree to pass any law; Could only be amended if all states approve; no executive branch; no court system; lacked national unity.
In what ways did compromise play a critical role in the drafting of the Constitution?
Big and little states compromised; the Three-Fifths Compromise settled the issue of counting slaves.
What were the arguments for and against ratifying the Constitution?
For: It created a strong central government but reserved powers for the states and created a system of checks and balances for the central government.
Against: Strong central government might increase taxes; citizens' rights were not protected enough.
has the power to strike down a law as unconstitutional.
Judicial