Making the Protein
True or False: A protein can usually have more than one function.
What is true?
(Whether you mean an individual protein having multiple functions, or protein as a whole group having many purposes, it is still true.)
True or False: Amino acids are not actually acids, just like koala bears are not bears.
What is false?
(Amino acids are 4 groups going off of one central carbon, and one of those groups is known as an "acid group.")
True or False: Protein can be a source of energy when eaten.
What is true?
True or False: It is possible to go "too far" with denaturation and coagulation when cooking.
What is True?
A stable mixture of a fat and a water-based liquid is called this.
What is an emulsion?
True or False: Monomers of proteins react to combine together in the same way that monomers of carbohydrates do.
(For an additional 200 points: What is the name of this reaction?)
What is true?
(For extra points: either "condensation reaction" or "dehydration reaction")
Most edible amino acids are found in ___________ products.
What is "animal?"
OR What are animal products?
This is the number of calories per gram (cal/g) for proteins, as well as carbohydrates.
What is 4 cal/g?
This is what happens when, in cooking, protein molecules unravel themselves and lose their coiled structure.
What is denaturation?
OR What is denaturing?
Usually, fats and water do not mix (without a protein called an emulsifier) because fats are considered this.
What is hydrophobic?
These are the monomers of proteins.
What are amino acids?
This is the number of amino acids that have been identified in the human body.
What is 20?
Some proteins can help cause chemical reactions. This is what we call that type of protein.
What is an enzyme?
This is what happens when proteins form clots after being heat, agitated, or reacted with other chemicals.
What is coagulation?
This served as emulsifier in mayonnaise.
What is egg?
(To a lesser degree, mustard would also be considered an emulsifier.)
These are the types of atoms that proteins are made of. (Partial credit will be accepted here.)
What are carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), and nitrogen (N)?
This is the number of amino acids that are deemed "essential."
What is 9?
This is what proteins can do for the tissues in our bodies.
What is build and/or repair them?
OR What is (something like) give them structure?
This is the name of the structural protein found in grain sources.
What is gluten?
Proteins can be texturized to make soybeans into these.
What are meat substitutes?
This is the element that proteins must have that carbohydrates and fats typically don't have.
What is nitrogen (N)?
This is what it means for an amino acid to be essential or indispensable.
What is (something like) "We need to consume these amino acids as part of our diet, since our bodies cannot make them."
?
This is the name we give proteins that are directly helpful for our immune system.
What are antibodies?
Gelatin contains a protein called collagen. This is one main animal source for gelatin.
(In essence, this is one animal that unflavored gelatin powder comes from.)
What is pig? (Pig skin & bones)
OR What is cow/cattle? (Bovine hides & bones)
OR What is horse? (Horse hooves & bones)
Using protein to make a foam, stabilize a mixture, or thicken a food all have to do with this general function of proteins.
This same function is found with many proteins in our bodies, especially with skin and hair.
What is structure?