Secret Agent Erosion
Water You Running For?
"Cold As Ice"
Radioactive
Water Cycle & Time
100
V-shaped valleys are evidence of this agent of erosion.
What is running water?
OR What is a river/stream?
100
This process is primarily responsible for the formation of a delta.
What is deposition?
100
This is what till is. (The noun, not the agricultural verb.)
What is something close to "unsorted sediment left behind by a glacier?"
100
Radioactive dating of fossils and rocks is possible because radioactive isotopes
- are found in all fossils and rocks
- are easily collected and measured
- disintegrate into organic substances
- disintegrate at a predictable rate
What is D?
100
What is B?
200
Crowds of visitors were drawn to Franconia Notch on Sunday May 4, 2003 to mourn the loss of New Hampshire’s well-known symbol — the Old Man of the Mountain granite profile. The 700-ton natural formation was just a pile of rocks after breaking loose from its 1,200-foot-high mountainside perch. This agent of erosion is most likely responsible for the collapse of the granite profile. 
What is mass movement?
200
The greater the time that stream sediment is transported, the greater the probability that the sediment will become more of these two characteristics.
What is/are rounded & smaller?
200
The burial, or at the very least surrounding, of a mass of ice in sediments can lead to the formation of this landscape feature.
What is a kettle lake?
200
Which disintegration product is represented on the graph? 
What is Nitrogen-14?
OR What is N-14?
OR What is 14N?
200
If the ground is fairly permeable, not close to saturated, and not on a steep slope, this process is likely to occur during (& soon after) the next rainfall.
What is infiltration?
300
This is the agent of erosion mainly responsible for the formation of the depressions occupied by both the kettle lakes and finger lakes found in New York State.
What is glacial ice?
OR What are glaciers?
300
The model shown below illustrates stream erosion between locations A and B in the stream. Placing a second block under location A will cause the stream's velocity to __________ & the rate of erosion to _________.
What is (velocity) increase and (rate of erosion) increase?
300
This is compass-related information you can get from elongated hills formed from glacial deposition.
What is the direction the glacier has moved?
300
The graph shows the decreasing percentage of a radioactive isotope, carbon-14 (14C), as it decays and the increasing percentage of the disintegration product that forms. What percentage of this radioactive isotope remains at the end of 3 half-lives? 
What is 12.5%?
OR
What is a number between 12% and 13%?
300
Base your answers on the diagram below, which shows a model of the water cycle. Letters A through F represent some processes of the water cycle. The processes of transpiration and evaporation are represented by these letters. 
What are C & A?
(C for transpiration; A for evaporation)
400
The picture below shows a geological feature in the Kalahari Desert of southwestern Africa. Other than mass movement, this is the most likely agent of erosion to give this feature its appearance. 
What is wind?
400
A river’s current carries sediments into the ocean. This (non-numerical) sediment size will most likely be deposited in deeper water farthest from the shore.
What is clay?
400
The velocity of the ice movement for an alpine glacier in North America is primarily controlled by this.
What is the slope / gradient of the slope?
400
A fossil formed 11,400 years ago. Which percentage of the original amount of carbon-14 remains in the fossil?
What is 25%?
400
This is one condition that can cause runoff.
What is [any of the following]?
-Ground is frozen (not permeable).
-Soil is already fully saturated.
-Rainfall exceeds the rate of infiltration.
-The slope of the land is steep.
-Vegetation of area has been stripped.
500
The photograph below shows a large boulder of metamorphic rock in a field in the Allegheny Plateau region of New York State. The boulder was most likely moved to this location by this agent of erosion.
What is glacial ice?
OR What is glacier movement?
500
This is why most streams in the Northeast have a greater stream discharge in spring compared to summer.
What is something akin to "Melting snow/ice creates more runoff in the spring; more runoff means more discharge?"
500
This is what causes glaciers to often leave striations as evidence of their erosion.
(The reason this is 500 point level? I don't think we talked about this in class until right now...)
What is something akin to "As glaciers move, the rocks stuck in the bottom of the ice make scratches and gouges against the bedrock."
500
Radioactive decay of 40K atoms in an igneous rock has resulted in a ratio of 25 percent 40K atoms to 75 percent 40Ar and 40Ca atoms. How many years old is this rock?
What is 2.6 × 109 years?
OR What is 2.6 billion years?
OR What is 2,600,000,000 years?
500
The diagram below represents a cross section of a series of rock layers of different geologic ages. Which statement provides the best explanation for the order of these rock layers?
A) The oldest layer is on the bottom.
B) A buried erosional surface exists between layers.
C) The Permian layer has been totally eroded.
D) The layers have been overturned. 
What is D?
(Otherwise, the layers as presented would be reversed, since the oldest is usually on the bottom.)