This valve closure sound is heard best with the diaphragm at the apex.
What is S1?
JVD, S3, crackles, LE edema. Decreased CO & elevated SVR
What is Cardiogenic Shock?
Crescendo Decrescendo Systolic Murmur best heard at the right USB radiating to the carotid
What is aortic stenosis?
Best heard at the apex

What is Mitral Regurgitation?
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PMI lateral to the mid clavicular line
What is LV dysfunction/dilatation/hypertrophy?
Nausea & Kussmaul's Breathing. Low CO, no JVD and elevated SVR
What is Hypovolemic shock?
Best heard in the upright position at Erb's point with patient leaning forward at full expiration
What is aortic regurgitation?
Best heard at the apex

What is Mitral Stenosis?
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What is Timber Ridge Resort Ski Area?
This vein gives an approximation of CVP and can be visible over the SCM muscle.
What is the external jugular vein?
Bradycardia, decreased sensation, low CO, no JVD, decreased SVR
What is Neurogenic shock?
Listening in the left lateral decubitus position can best pick up this mid diastolic rumble
What is mitral stenosis?

What is Atrial Septal Defect?
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What is Holland, MI?
This valve disorder is associated with a soft S2 with a weak carotid upstroke
What is Aortic Stenosis?
Elevated C-reactive protein, normal CO, no JVD and decreased SVR
What is Septic shock?
This murmur has both a systolic and diastolic component.
What is Patent Ductus Arteriosus?
Best heard at the LSB

What is Mitral Valve Prolapse with Regurgitation?
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This valvular disorder is becomes more symptomatic with elevated heart rate.
What is mitral regurgitation? Due to less diastolic filling time.
Elevated Heart Rate, JVD and Pulsus Paradoxus. Low CO and elevated SVR
What is Obstructive shock/Pericardial Tamponade?
Holosytolic Murmur best heard at the LSB which increases withinspiration
What is Tricupsid Regurgitation?

JVP pattern suggests this arrhythmia
What is Atrial Fibrillation?
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