muscles
Serratus Anterior
O:
I:
A:
N:O: Lateral surface of the upper eight ribs
I: Vertebral border of the scapula, anterior surface
N: Long thoracic
A: Scapula protraction and upward rotation
Rhomboid
O: Spinous processes of C7 - T5
I: Vertebral border of scapula between the spine and inferior angle
N: Dorsal scapular nerve
A: Scapular retraction and downward rotation
Teres Minor
O: Axillary border of scapula
I: Greater tubercle of humerus
N: Axillary nerve (C5)
A: Shoulder external rotation, stabilizes
head of humerus in glenoid cavity,
horizontal abduction of humerus
Triceps Brachii
O:Longhead: infraglenoid tubercle
Lateral head: humerus proximal to radial groove
Medial Head: humerus distal to radial groove
I: Olecranon of ulna
N:Radial nerve (C7, C8)
A:elbow extension and assists
shoulder extension
Upper Trapezius
O:
I:
N:
A:
O: Occipital bone, nuchal ligament
I: Outer third of clavicle, acromion process
N: Spinal accessory
A: Scapular elevation and upward rotation
Serratus Anterior
O: Lateral surface of the upper eight ribs
I: Vertebral border of the scapula, anterior surface
N: Long thoracic nerve
A: Scapular protraction and upward rotation
Subscapularis
O: Subscapular fossa of the scapula
I: Lesser tubercle of the humerus
N: Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5,C6)
A: Shoulder internal rotation, stabilizes
head of humerus in glenoid cavity
Bicep Brachii
•
O: LONG HEAD: supraglenoid tubercle
SHORT HEAD: coracoid process
I: Radial tuberosity
N: Musculocutaneous nerve (C5,C6)
A: Elbow flexion and forearm supination,
assist shoulder flexion (long head)
Middle Trapezius
O: Spinous processes of C7 - T3
I: Scapular spine
N: Spinal accessory nerve
A: Scapular retraction
Pectoralis Minor
O: Anterior surface, 3rd-5th ribs
I: Coracoid process of the scapula
N: Medial pectoral nerve
A: Scapular depression, protraction, downward rotation
Anterior Deltoid
O:Lateral third of the clavicle
I: Deltoid tuberosity
N: Axillary nerve (C5,C6)
A:Shoulder flexion, internal rotation, and
horizontal adduction
O:Axillary border of scapula near the
inferior angle
I: Medial lip of intertubercular sulcus
N:Lower subscapular nerve (C5, C6)
A:Shoulder extension, adduction, medial
rotation
Lower Trapezius
O: Spinous process (T3-T12) of middle and lower thoracic vertebrae
I: Base of the scapular spine
N: Spinal accessory
A: Scapular depression
Supraspinatus
O: Supraspinatus fossa of the scapula
I: Greater tubercle of the humerus
N: Suprascapular nerver
A: Stabilizes the head of the humerus, initiates GH abduction
Middle Deltoid
O: Acromion process
I: Deltoid tuberosity
N:Axillary nerve (C5,C6)
A:Shoulder abduction
Latissimus Dorsi
O: Spinous processes of T7 through L5
(via thoracolumbar fascia), posterior
surface of sacrum, iliac crest, and lower
three ribs
I: Medial lip of bicipital groove of
humerus
N: Thoracodorsal nerve (C6-C8)
A:Shoulder extension, adduction, medial
rotation
Levator Scapula
O: Transverse processes of the first four cervical vertebrae
I: Vertebral border of scapula
N: Dorsal Scapular nerve
A: Scapular elevation and downward rotation
Infraspinatus
O: Infraspinatus fossa of scapula
I: Greater tubercle of humerus
N: Suprascapular nerve
A: Shoulder external rotation, stabilizes head of humerus in glenoid cavity, horizontal abduction of humerus
Posterior Deltoid
O: Spine of Scapula
I: Deltoid tuberosity
N: Axillary nerve (C5,C6)
A:Shoulder extension, lateral rotation,
horizontal abduction
Pectoralis Major
O: Medial 1/3 of clavicle, sternum, costal cartilages and external, surface of upper 6 ribs
I:Lateral border of bicipital groove
N:Lateral and medial pectoral nerve
A: Flexion of GH joint to 60/90 degrees (clavicular), extension from flexed position (sternal), medial rotation, shoulder adduction, horizontal adduction.