Muscles 1
What is the deep layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm innervated by (Be specific)?
Anterior Interosseous Branch of the Median Nerve
What muscles control intrinsic plus and show the motion?
Lumbricals
What cervical spinal roots contribute to the brachial plexus? What is the cervical plexus labeled in reference to?
C5, C6, C7, C8, T1 and
Axillary Artery
This vein drains the superficial aspect of the radial side and this vein drains the superficial aspect of the ulnar side. What vein connects the two at the cubital fossa?
Cephalic, Basilic, and Medial Cubital Vein
What passes through Guyon’s Canal? What passes through Carpal Tunnel?
Guyon’s: Ulnar Artery and Nerve
Carpal Tunnel: Median Nerve, Flexor Pollicis Longus Tendon, 4 Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Tendons, 4 Flexor Digitorum Profundus Tendons.
List the muscles and show the movements of the thumb.
Flexion: Flexor pollicis longus, Flexor pollicis brevis
Extension: Extensor pollicis longus, Extensor pollicis brevis
Abduction: Abductor pollicis longus, Abductor pollicis brevis
Adduction: Adductor pollicis
Opposition: Opponens pollicis Intrinsic
What are the contents of the cubital fossa?
Median Nerve, Tendon of Biceps Brachii, Radial Nerve, Brachial Artery & Vein, Posterior Interosseous Branch of Radial Nerve
What are the branches of the radial nerve? After traversing through this muscle, this branch turns into what nerve? Name the muscle and the nerve.
Superficial Branch and Deep Branch
Deep Branch passes through the supinator muscle and turns into the posterior interosseous muscle.
When and what does the subclavian artery turn into? At what point does the artery above turn into the brachial artery? Where and what does the brachial artery bifurcate into?
Below the first rib, the subclavian artery turns into the axillary artery. The axillary artery turns into the brachial artery at the inferior border of the Teres Major muscle. At the cubital fossa, the brachial artery bifurcates into the ulnar and radial artery.
What is the purpose of a synovial sheath in the hand? What five specific tendons in the hand have synovial sheaths?
Located within the fibrous sheath, protects from friction and provides nutrition to the tendons.
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis, Flexor Digitorum Profundus, Flexor Pollicis Longus, Abductor Pollicis Longus, Extensor Pollicis Brevis
What are the four dynamic stabilizers of the gleno-humeral joint? Explain O.I.N.A for each one.
Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor, and Subscapularis
What are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm? List O.I.N.A for each muscle.
*Have a different member from each group explain one.
Long Head and Short Head of the Biceps Brachii, Brachialis, Coracobrachialis
What nerves innervate the nail beds (include the specific digits)?
Median Nerve = Lateral 3 1/2 Digits
Ulnar Nerve = Medial 1 1/2 Digits
The axillary lymph nodes have upper, middle, and lower groups? What are the four subgroups of the lower axillary lymph group? What is the middle layer known as? What is the upper layer known as?
Pectoral, Subscapular, Humeral, and Central
Middle = Interpectoral
Upper = Apical
What tendons help to prevent impingement of the subacromial space? How do these tendons work? What is another name for the subacromial space and what things are found in the space?
LH Tendons Biceps and Rotator Cuff Tendons
Tighten and compress the humeral head during overhead motion
Suprahumeral Space
Subacromial Bursa, LH Biceps Tendon, Supraspinatus Muscle and Tendon, Superior Joint Capsule
What are the three major joints of the shoulder complex? What type of joints are each? Name the physiologic joint in the body that is not a true joint.
AC Joint: Plane Joint
SC Joint: Synovial Joint
G-H Joint: Synovial Joint
Scapulothoracic Articulation
What is the name of the membrane between the ulna and radius? When is this membrane slacked/taut? This membrane resists against what type of forces? What does the oblique cord resist against?
Interosseous Membrane
Slacked = Pronation
Taut = Supination
Compressive Forces
Distraction
What are the 5 terminal branches of the Brachial Plexus? List: Spinal Nerve Roots, Muscular Innervation, and Cutaneous Innervation
Musculocutaneous, Axillary, Radial, Median, Ulnar
What are the three main arteries supplying shoulder structures?
Thoracoacromial, suprahumeral and subscapular
In our upper extremity dissection, we exposed three major spaces. What are the names of the three spaces, what forms the boundaries, and what transverses through each space?
Quadrangular Space
Triangular Space
Triangular Interval
Focusing on the Anterior Compartment of the Forearm, list the muscles for each layer (superficial, intermediate, deep). What nerves innervate the anterior compartment muscles? What is the major movement of the muscles and where do the majority originate.
Superficial: pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpia ulnaris
Intermediate: Flexor digitorum superficialis
Deep: Flexor digitorum profundus
Median and Ulnar Nerves, Flexion, and Medial Epicondyle
What are the seven components of synovial joints according to anatomy...not kinesiology? In addition these 7, what else might you find?
(1) Articular (hyaline) cartilage
(2) Joint cavity
(3) Fibrous joint (articular) capsule
(4) Synovial membrane
(5) Synovial fluid
(6) (Intra-articular) Ligaments
(7) Sensory nerves
*intra-articular fibrocartilaginous disc, peripheral fibrocartilaginous labrum, bursa, fat pad, epiphyseal plate, plica and blood vessels
Draw and Explain the Brachial Plexus completely!
Brachial Plexus Photo
What muscle would be affected if the Long Thoracic Nerve was damaged? Explain the pathology behind the injured muscle. What spinal roots is the long thoracic nerve?
Serratus Anterior
Hurt a patient's ability to protract or to stabilize against retracting forces. The serratus anterior then may be unable to support the scapula against the thoracic wall, which creates a “winged” scapula, especially noticeable when the subject presses via an outstretched arm as in a wall push up.
C5, C6, C7
Describe and show the movements associated with the scapula? How are the joints are affected with each movement?
Elevation Depression
Upward rotation Downward rotation Protraction Retraction Abduction Adduction