Wind/Vorticity
What kind of vorticity is associated with troughs (positive or negative)
Positive
Name the five types of air masses (hint: cT, cP, cA, mT, mP)
continental tropical, continental polar, continental artic, maritime tropical, maritime polar.
What kind of forecasting works best for high pressure systems.
Persistence
What type of thunderstorm produces the most tornadoes.
Supercells
Name 4 of the initial ways hurricanes start to form.
(Cluster of thunderstorms, easterly African wave, frontal remnants, low pressure system).
At what pressure level (mb) is the jet stream located
300 mb
If a cold front passes through Lyndon from the north west what direction would we expect winds to be coming from prior to the fronts passage.
South/Southwest
The temperature in Lyndonville is 65 degrees F right now but was 63 degrees F an hour ago. Perform a trend forecast to determine the expected temperature in two hours.
69 degrees F
What kind of cloud is formed by the gust front of a thunderstorm and is often a good indicator wind is coming.
Shelf cloud
What causes the most deaths in a tropical cyclone/hurricane
Storm Surge
In the 3 cell (Hadley cell) model what is the area of convergence near the equator called.
ITCZ (Intertropical convergence zone)
Name at least two ways to locate a cold front on a map
(Close Isotherms, wind shift, pressure rising behind front)
Name all 5 types of forecasting
Climatology, Persistence, Trend, Mathematical, Analog.
Draw out the 3 stages of a single cell thunderstorm
See image
Draw out or explain the two areas of circulation within a tropical cyclone
Primary counter-clockwise rotation, Secondary in up out down rotation.
Wind at Springfield 300 degrees 36m/s
Wind at Providence 350 degrees 25m/s
Springfield is Located 150km west and 100km north of Providence, calculate the vorticity.
-2.2510^-4
Draw and label the three stages of a mid latitude cyclone
Stationary front, Open wave, Occluded front
Depict the station plot described by the following METAR code, include Time/Date, windspeed/direction, temperature, dewpoint, cloud cover, visibility, and SLP. No unit conversion. KPDX 121753Z 10010KT 5SM-RA BR FEW013 BKN021 OVC027 03/02 A2976 RMK AO2 SLP076 P0005 60029 T00280022 10094 20028 51013
Time: 17:53 UTC
Wind Direction/Speed: 100 deg East @ 10 kt
Visibility: 5 miles
Cloud cover (amount and height):Few @ 1300 ft, Broke @ 2100 ft, Overcast @ 2700 ft
Temperature: 3C
Dewpoint: 2C
Sea Level Pressure: 1007.6 mb
Explain the process of tornadogenesis
Horizontal rotation caused by directional wind shear is tilted vertically by the updraft of a thunderstorm forming the rotating updraft of a supercell (mesocyclone). This rotation then makes its way down to the surface with help from the rear flank downdraft which pushes the vertical rotation lower.
Draw out the charge profile of a cumulonimbus cloud pre cg strike, and depict the three stages of a cg strike.
See image