Transport
What type of transport protein carries a specific ion or molecule in one direction?
Uniporter
What are the two parts of a phospholipid?
-Hydrophilic head
-Hydrophobic tail
What is water potential?
The tendency of water to move from one place to another.
What is pumping in and out of the cell during the utilization of a sodium/potassium pump?
-3 Na out
-2 K in
What type of passive transport is characterized as the movement of water molecules across a plasma membrane (the membrane is impermeable to solute).
What characteristic of a cell is shared by all cells?
Plasma Membrane
What type of environment do plant cells prefer?
-Hypotonic environment
What is phosphorylation?
Transference of a phosphate group.
What type of active transport utilizes the electrochemical gradient as an energy source?
Secondary Active Transport
What are the 4 components of the plasma membrane?
-Phospholipids
-Proteins
-Carbohydrates
-Cholesterol
What happens to a human cell that is placed into a hypertonic solution?
The cell will shrink
What causes the sodium potassium pump to release 3 Na+ outside the cell?
Phosphorylation of ATP
What is moving in and out of the cell during a sodium potassium pump? What does it help maintain?
-3 Na out of the cell and 2 K into the cell
-It helps maintain proper sodium and potassium levels and the electrochemical gradient.
What happens to the plasma membrane as the temperature increases or decreases? What component of a phospholipid helps with this?
-Temperature increases, fluidity increases
-Temperature decreases, fluidity decreases
-Cholesterol
During osmosis, the cell membrane is impermeable to ___ and permeable to ____.
-solute
-water
What kind of active transport is the sodium potassium pump?
Primary Active Transport
Why is the sodium potassium pump considered a type of active transport?
-Keeps putting more sodium outside the cell where there is already a high concentration.
-Keeps putting more potassium inside the cell where there is already a high concentration.
What kind of molecules flow through the lipid bilayer easily? What about those that won't go through at all?
-Easily: small, non polar
-Never: Ions and large, polar molecules
What kind of environment is a plant cell in if it is flaccid?
Isotonic environment
(T/F) The energy source for active transport is always ATP.
False