Fungi
What are the main structural components of fungi?
What is Hyphae and mycellium?
How do cnidarians capture prey?
What is the cnidocyte?
- contains hematocytes which discharge, injecting toxins and paralyzing the prey
- use tentacles to bring prey to mouth
What is the difference between radial and bilateral symmetry in animals?
Radial - body parts arranged around central axis
Bilateral - body arranged around 2 axis
Which fungal phylum includes mushrooms and puffballs?
What is Basidiomycot?
Tubular structures with strong chitin-rich cell walls
What is Hyphae?
What structure in Ascomycetes produces ascospores?
What is the ascus?
Explain the significance of the water vascular system in echinoderms.
What allows echinoderms to move and capture prey?
- operates through a network of canals that use water pressure to extend tube feet, enacting locomotion, feeding, and respiration.
(crucial for marine environment)
What are the 3 germ layers?
What are extoderm, mesoderm, and endoderms?
What is the primary mode of locomotion for echinoderms?
What are tube feet?
What is the word for the hollow ball of cells formed after cleavage?
What is a blastula?
Which fungal group is characterized by flagellated spores?
What is Chytrids?
What are 2 hinged shells that can open and close, gills that filter food, and participate in gas exchange and cilia to draw in food?
Lophophore
- a crown of ciliated tentacles for feeding and respiration.
You’re examining an embryo and notice that the cleavage planes are diagonal to the vertical axis. What type of development would you predict for this organism, and why?
What is protostome development due to spiral cleavage pattern?
What are distinguishing features of Cryptomycota?
What are parasites with flagellated spores?
Which phylum has asymmetrical organisms that are filter feeders?
Explain the ecological roles of fungi as decomposers, mutualists, and parasites.
Decomposers break down dead organic matter, recycle nutrients, maintain ecological balance
Mutualists: Form beneficial partnerships ex: Lichens and Mycorrhizae.
Parasites:Absorbs nutrients from living hosts (cause harm), Clauiceps purpose.
What are the main characteristics that define the phylum Mollusca?
What is a soft body divided into 3 main parts: the foot, visceral mass, and mantle, radula (toothed for feeding), shell made of calcium carbonate, and coelom (body cavity)?
How does the presence of a body cavity benefit animals?
What cushions organs, allows independent organ growth and movement, and can act as a hydrostatic skeleton?
What are the main characteristics of arthropods?
Which phylum contains organisms that have radial symmetry and a gastrovascular cavity?
What is Phylum Cnidaria?
What is the ecological function of mycorrhizar?
- Facilitate nutrient cycling in ecosystems
- contribute o soil structure and stability
- connect different plant species
- Important for establishment and survival of crops.
Given the anatomical features of a squid how would you categorize it within the phylum Mollusca?
What is the class cephaloda?
- bilateral symmetry, prominent head, specialized foot modified into arms and tentacles.
Anatomical features
- Internal shell (pen), well-developed nervous system, complex eyes, expel water.
A newly discovered marine organism has radial symmetry and is found attached to rocks. Based on this information, what can you infer about its lifestyle?
What is a sessile lifestyle? (Adapted for filtering food from water)
Best describe spiral cleavage.
Cleavage planes diagonal to the vertical axis
What is the word fir the fusion of cytoplasm from two different mycelia furing mating?
What is plasmogamy?