Pathophysiology
Sickle Cell Anemia is ________, and is a disorder primarily among what type of ethnicity
Inherited
African-Americans
What are common symptoms of sickle cell anemia
Pain
Fever
Swelling
HTN
N/V
Tachypnea
What type of lab test check for sickled cells and abnormla retics
Peripheral Blood Smear
Name a few things/assessments an RN would want to do for a patient in the hospital with sickle cell anemia
Deliver 02
Skin Assessments
Administer DVT prophylaxis
Administer pain medications
When is sickle cell anemia usually diagnosed
Infant Screenings
Because of the vaso-occlusive crisis that sickle cell anemia causes, what does it lead to?
Capillary hypoxia
Tissue Ichemia
Infarction
Necrosis
Development of thrombi
The presence of sickle Hgb, uses RBCs (in vitro) and exposes them to deoxygentation is what type to test?
Sickling Test
What types of treatments can be used to reduce blood viscosity and maintain renal function
02
Fluid
Electrolytes
What would an RN want to educate a patient on with sickle cell anemia
Avoid dehydration and high altitudes
Keep warm
Immunizations
What shape are the eyrthrocytes in sickle cell anemia
Sickle Shape
Because of the hemolysis of RBCs in the liver and spleen what can it cause?
Jaundice
What kind of diagnostic test would you use to look for deformities
X-ray
For pain medications, they require a ___ pump, and breakthrough meds such as....
PCA
Morphine
Hydromorphone
What is sickle cell crisis triggered by and what does it lead to
Low 02
Hypoxia
Sickle Cell Anemia is usually _____ due to renal failure, infection, pulmonary failure or stroke
Fatal
What diagnostic test would you use to diagnose a stroke due to clots
MRI
Which treatment is not common due to lack of donors, risk, cost, and appropriate recipient
Stem Cell Transplant
What are people more prone to with sickle cell anemia
Circulating sickled cells are hemolyzed by the ____, which leads to anemia
Spleen
What diagnostic tool would you use to diagnose a DVT
Doppler
What is the only anti-sickling agent shown to be beneficial
Hydroxyurea
In men, if penile veins become occluded, what can it cause?
Priapism