LO I
LO II
LO III
Wild Card I
Wild Card II
100

These are the pyrimidine bases

uracil, thymine, cytosine

100

The most frequent “driver” mutations in melanoma affect these three intrinsic factors

cell cycle control, pro-growth pathways, and telomerase

100

Breslow thickness is generally measured in this manner

distance from the superficial epidermal granular cell layer to the deepest intradermal tumor cells

100

These are the ABCDE criteria

asymmetry, borders, color, diameter, evolving

100

Dabrafenib and Trametinib taken together is indicated for this specific diagnosis

stage 3 melanoma (V600E OR V600K BRAF mutation)

200

DNA glycosylase is involved in the first step of this type of DNA repair

base excision repair

200

Presence of this is why depth is the most important factor in prognosis of melanoma

adjacent lymphatics

200

A potentially metastatic cancer is initially localized just inferior to the fossa ovalis (leg). In theory, the sentinel lymph node would be this.

deep inguinal lymph node


200

About 10% to 15% of melanomas are inherited in this fashion with variable penetrance

autosomal dominant

200

In FDG-PET/CT, this is injected into the patient's tissues and shows discrepancies between healthy and diseased tissue

fluorodeoxyglucose

300

Pyrimidine dimers are generally repaired by this mechanism

nucleotide excision repair

300

The majority of lesions (melanoma) are greater than this specific measurement at diagnosis

10 mm

300

Imatinib is responsible for targeting this component of cell signaling as related to the pathogenesis of melanoma

dimerization of RTK

300

In D, the sentinel lymph node indicated has most likely stained with this stain. Bonus: what does it stand for?

HMB-45 (human melanoma black)

300

A left axillary lymphadenectomy is indicated for a tumor that has metastasized to the inferior-most and ventral axillary lymph node. This node is..

pectoral (anterior) lymph node


400

The most common etiology of thymine dimers is due to exposure to this agent

ultraviolet light

400

These specific lesions often serve as precursors to melanoma

dysplastic nevi

400

Dabrafenib's mechanism of action is this

blocks BRAF in V600E (+) mutated melanoma

400

A radiograph of your patient is taken, and based off of the radiograph, you determine that his condition is in this stage

Cancer, stage II/III

400

How do B & C differ in this melanoma lesion? (Think 'growth')

B = single cell growth, inflammation of underlying dermis (radial)

C = aggregates of cells (vertical)

500
Other than the obvious repair mechanism, this is also involved in repair of pyrimidine dimers

photolyase

500

Melanoma cells are differentiated from regular melanocytes or melanocytic nevi by these morphologic features

larger, irregular contours, clumped chromatin, and eosinophilia

500

The normal role of tyrosinase is this

catalyzes rate-limiting steps of melanogenesis (recent target for melanogenesis inhibitors)

500

A tumor is found to be between 3 and 7 cm (but less than 5 cm). It involves nearby lymph nodes on the ipislateral side of the body, and has spread to localized regions adjacent to the lymph nodes. The classification is this.

T2aN1M1

500

The TERT promoter mutations present in melanoma create new binding sites for Ets family transcription factors, which are known to be up-regulated by this signaling, providing a "link" between these two oncogenic events

BRAF

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