Kidney Kinetics
Standard treatment of the nephrotic syndrome
ACE inhibitor or ARB, diuretics, statin
Pleural fluid enzyme test for TB
ADA
Bilateral hilar adenopathy, arthritis, erythema nodosum
Löfgren syndrome
Common causes of subacute combined degeneration
Vitamin B12 and copper deficiencies
Hypertension, hyperuricemia, recurrent gout
Lead nephropathy
Diagnosis suggested by subacute cough, fever, malaise, patchy infiltrates unresponsive to antibiotics
COP
Synovial fluid leukocyte count in infectious arthritis
>50,000/µL
Signs of basilar skull fracture
Bilateral periorbital or mastoid bruising, hemotympanum
Painful, necrotic skin lesions; small vessel calcification; ESKD
Calciphylaxis
Most common causes of lymphocyte-predominant pleural effusion
TB or malignancy
Cause of CPP crystal arthritis in young patient
Hyperparathyroidism, hemochromatosis, hypophosphatasia, or hypomagnesemia
Woman of childbearing age with obesity, headaches, visual symptoms, pulsatile tinnitus
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension
Kidney disorders where a monoclonal protein produced by a plasma cell or B-cell clone directly damages the kidneys, causing kidney injury without meeting the diagnostic criteria for full-blown multiple myeloma or other hematological malignancies
MGRS
Hypernatremia, elevated serum osmolality, inability to concentrate urine
Underlying causes of neutrophil-predominant pleural effusion
Acute pneumonia, PE
Life-threatening pulmonary manifestations of SLE (2)
Lupus pneumonitis and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage
Rapidly progressive dementia, myoclonus, gait problems, visual compromise
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
CNS depression, increased anion gap metabolic acidosis, increased osmolar gap (2)
Ethylene glycol or methanol toxicity
Pulmonary infections suggestive of bronchiectasis (3)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus, non-TB mycobacteria
Palpable purpura, peripheral neuropathy, arthritis, hepatitis C
Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis
Acute neck pain, eye pain, partial Horner syndrome, ipsilateral cerebral ischemia
Carotid artery dissection