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A benign inflammation of one or more of the costal cartilages.
Tietze syndrome
Initial testing for hypercalcemia
Serum calcium and PTH levels
Specific β-blockers associated with reduced mortality in patients with HFrEF
Bisoprolol, metoprolol succinate, carvedilol
Secondary iron overload treatment
Iron chelation
Cause of hemorrhagic colitis after consuming contaminated beef
Enterohemorrhagic E. coli
A rare complication in which a gallstone becomes impacted in the cystic duct or neck of the gallbladder causing compression of the common hepatic duct, resulting in obstruction and jaundice.
Mirizzi's syndrome
Most common cause of familial hyperparathyroidism
MEN 1
Hypotension, pulsus paradoxus, electrical alternans
Cardiac tamponade
Episodic hemolysis, marrow aplasia, unusual site of thrombosis, erythrocytes lacking CD55 and CD59
PNH
Most common cause of febrile illness in returning travelers
Malaria
Periodic fainting spell in which there is intermittent complete heart block or other high-grade arrhythmia that results in loss of spontaneous circulation and inadequate blood flow to the brain
Adams–Stokes syndrome
Morning cortisol level that rules out deficiency
>15 µg/dL
Indications for AAA repair (3)
Symptoms, size ≥5.5 cm, expansion >0.5 cm/year
Microcytic anemia, increased hemoglobin A2 and F
β-thalassemia minor
CD4 count associated with increased risk for toxoplasmosis
<100/µL
In alcohol use disorder:
-hemolytic anemia (with spur cells and acanthocytes), -hyperlipoproteinemia (excessive blood lipoprotein),
-jaundice (elevation of unconjugated bilirubin)
-and abdominal pain
Zieve's syndrome
Common hyperparathyroidism-related vitamin deficiency
VITAMIN D
Late-peaking systolic murmur, diminished S2, delayed and diminished carotid upstroke
Severe aortic stenosis
Hemoglobin >16.5 g/dL, hypercellular bone marrow, positive JAK2
PV
The "4 Ds" of botulism
Diplopia, dysarthria, dysphonia, dysphagia
What is a mitochondrial disorder with:
-chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia,
-atypical retinitis pigmentosa, or pigmentary retinopathy,
-and heart disease such as cardiomyopathy and/or progressive arrhythmia leading to complete heart block.
Kearns–Sayre syndrome
Thyroid storm treatment (4)
β-blockers, PTU, glucocorticoids, and potassium iodide
Characteristic features of Eisenmenger PDA
Clubbing, oxygen desaturation affecting the feet but not the hands
Microcytic anemia, normal hemoglobin electrophoresis, normal iron
α-thalassemia trait
Fever of unknown origin definition
Fever ≥38.3 °C for ≥3 weeks undiagnosed after 2 office visits