Botany
This sticky structure is responsible for capturing pollen in the carpels of flowers but can also refer to a mark of disgrace associated with something.
What is a stigma?
This hormone predominates & stimulates uterine lining growth in the second half of the uterine cycle.
What is progesterone ?
This is a species interaction observed in how orchids grow on tree trunks for support and access to sunlight, but the tree does not receive direct benefit or harm from the presence of the orchid.
What is commensalism?
This Swedish naturalist classified thousands of organisms throughout his life and is known as the father of taxonomy.
Who is Carolus Linnaeus?
A food preservation method where food is heated to high temperatures in short amounts of time to kill pathogenic microbes.
What is pasteurization?
This type of seed germination involves the emergence of the cotyledons above the soil surface.
What is epigeal germination?
In the digestive system, chief cells secrete a precursor substance that can be activated by secretions from the parietal cells. This activated substance performs this function in digestion.
What is proteolysis?
This shallow coastal marine ecosystem, dominated by salt-tolerant trees, serves as a nursery and breeding ground for fish and other marine organisms.
What are mangrove forests?
Gnetophytes are a group of species classified under the paraphyletic grouping "gymnosperms." However, biologists have found out that some gnetophytes like Ephedra and Gnetum can also undergo double fertilization, a unique trait among angiosperms. This evolutionary process can explain this similiarity.
What is convergent evolution?
This polymer, which makes up most of the cell wall of most bacteria, makes up about 90% of gram-positive bacterial cell walls and only 10% of gram-negative ones.
What is peptidoglycan
A researcher examines a plant species growing in a hot, arid environment. They notice that CO₂ is first captured in cells near the leaf surface, then transported to a deeper layer of cells surrounding the vascular bundles where the Calvin cycle occurs. These deeper cells contain numerous chloroplasts. They also observe that the stomata open mainly in the early morning to reduce water loss. Identify the specialized cells surrounding the vascular bundles.
What are bundle sheath cells?
These are a clade of animals in Class Mammalia united by hornlike dermal tissue that is comparable to a human fingernail, which extends over the end of a broadened terminal digit.
What are ungulates ?
This is the process by which genetic variation is gradually lost in small, isolated populations due to chance events rather than natural selection.
What is genetic drift?
Mammals and amphibians are both quadrupeds possessing four limbs. Despite the divergence in their evolutionary paths, it is believed that they once shared a common ancestor that had this condition. This shared characteristic among two or more lineages is an example of this taxonomic trait.
What is symplesiomorphy?
Viruses use capsid shells and envelopes to infect cells with their RNA or DNA genome. This is the complete inert virus particles found outside of the host cell.
What are virions?
What specifically refers to the female gametophyte, which is the product of a megaspore mother cell that undergoes meiosis to produce 4 megaspores where only 1 will survive, then dividing once more via mitosis.
What is the embryo sac?
This is the type of symmetry displayed by adult echinoderms such as starfish. Be highly specific.
What is pentamerous radial symmetry ?
A researcher studies a lake ecosystem contaminated with a persistent pesticide. They measure contaminant levels in algae, then in small invertebrates that feed on the algae, then in fish that eat the invertebrates, and finally in birds that feed on the fish. They observe that the concentration of the pesticide increases at each successive trophic level. This process is called...
What is biomagnification?
This modern geological principle states that slow, gradual process such as erosion and sedimentation have shaped the Earth today. A common quote associated with this concept is "the present is the key to the past."
What is Uniformitarianism?
This bacterial appendage, shorter and more numerous than flagella, facilitates adhesion to host tissues or surfaces, which is an essential step in colonization and pathogenesis. Identify this structure.
What are fimbriae?
Photosynthesis consists of light-dependent reactions, which produce ATP and NADPH, and light-independent reactions which are also known as the Calvin Cycle. Two of this this organic molecule produced in the Calvin cycle is directly used for the synthesis of glucose. Abbreviations are allowed.
What is G3P / Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate ?
This subfield of zoology focuses on the microscopic anatomy of animal tissues, examining the organization and specialization of cells that collectively perform specific functions, bridging the gap between gross anatomy and cellular biology.
What is histology?
The evolutionary hypothesis first proposed in 1973 which states that species must constantly adapt, evolve, and proliferate to survive while being pitted against an ever-evolving opposing species to "stay in the same place."
What is the "Red Queen Hypothesis"?
A group of vertebrates characterized by a single opening behind their eye socket, which includes all mammals and their direct reptilian ancestors.
What are Synapsida / Synapsids?
This compound with a tongue-twisting name, which shares its acronym to a nickname of Vietnam, is an important component of the bacterial cell wall.
What is N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM)?