Single Subject Design
True or False: An AB design alone can conclusively demonstrate that an intervention caused a change.
What is false?
This is the full name for the acronym "AAT."
What is Animal Assisted Therapy?
This animal was used for AAT in the study
What is a dog?/Who is Boomer?
These are the numbers of vocalizations produced in the intervention (B) condition.
What are 49, 60, 90, and 94?
This was the number that the participant's average vocalizations increased to during the intervention condition.
What is 73.25?
These are known as purposes of collecting baseline data before introducing an intervention.
What are establishing the participant's typical performance and providing a comparison?
Previous literature has noted this as a concern for using animals in therapy
What is the welfare of the animals?
These are the independent and dependent variables of the study.
This was the term used to describe taking note of the nature of the participant's vocalizations.
What are qualitative observations?
This was a characteristic described as inherent to single case ABA designs.
What is generalization of changes in "B" to the "A" condition that follows?
This is an ethical concern when using a withdrawal design in speech-language therapy.
What is causing a client to lose progress or access to needed services?
Macauley and Gutierrez found this to be increased in children who participated in speech-language therapy using AAT.
What is motivation to attend?
The authors described this type of design used in the study
Although it decreased in the third and fourth sessions of intervention, the participant showed an increase in this during AAT.
What is sustained attention?
The authors compared this clinical action to their establishment of a broad dependent variable for the study.
What is setting treatment goals?
This is the reason the study's design is considered single subject and not traditional group experimental design.
What is it looks at individual changes across time and not comparisons of large group changes?
AAT through the implementation of fish aquariums was previously found to increase this outcome.
What is nutritional intake?
The "B" condition used in the study
What are four sessions involving the AAT team?
The authors described these as incidental findings from the implementation of AAT.
What are increased attention and interactions?
The authors identified these as limitations of the study.
What are only applying the ABA design to a single participant and not recording a full transcript of the participant's vocalizations?
This is the primary purpose of single-subject research.
What is determining whether an intervention produces a meaningful change in a target behavior?
These were identified as the two purposes of the study.
What are investigate the effect of AAT on the number of vocalizations produced in a 15-minute interval and evaluate AAT methods to determine optimal practices for AAT with young children with communication disorders?
These behaviors were excluded from consideration of spontaneous vocalizations.
What are crying, tantrums, screaming, and vegetative noises?
For these reasons, the authors later suggested decreasing the amount of time spent implementing AAT.
What are decreased interest and increased physical activity?
The results of the study supported this term, which refers to an overall trend being supported by positive outcomes despite differences in research questions and methods