EASY
What is the primary indication for using sitagliptin + metformin hydrochloride combination?
Type 2 diabetes
What is the primary mechanism of action of metformin in Type 2 diabetes management?
Reduces hepatic glucose production
When combining metformin with sitagliptin to treat Type 2 diabetes, what is the primary benefit of this combination?
Enhanced insulin sensitivity and reduced hepatic glucose production
What is the most appropriate monitoring parameter for patients on metformin and sitagliptin combination therapy?
Blood glucose and renal function
What is a serious complication that is associated with the concurrent use of metformin and sitagliptin, especially in patients with impaired renal function?
Lactic acidosis
What class of medication is metformin hydrochloride?
Biguanide
Which of the following is a common gastrointestinal side effect of metformin therapy?
Nausea
What is the mechanism of action of metformin in the management of Type 2 diabetes?
Decreases hepatic glucose production
What is the primary contraindication for using sitagliptin and metformin combination in patients?
Renal impairment (eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m²)
How does sitagliptin enhance blood glucose control in Type 2 diabetes when combined with metformin?
By inhibiting DPP-4, leading to increased levels of GLP-1 and insulin secretion
Which of the following is the main action of sitagliptin in the combination therapy with metformin?
Increasing insulin secretion by inhibiting DPP-4
What class of drug is sitagliptin in combination with metformin?
DPP-4 inhibitor
What is the primary role of sitagliptin in the combination therapy with metformin for Type 2 diabetes?
Inhibits DPP-4 enzyme, prolonging GLP-1 activity
In patients using the combination of sitagliptin and metformin, what effect does sitagliptin have on GLP-1 levels?
Increases GLP-1 activity
Which of the following would require dose adjustments for the combination of metformin and sitagliptin?
Renal impairment
What is a common side effect of metformin in combination with sitagliptin?
Nausea and gastrointestinal discomfort
Which hormone's activity is prolonged by sitagliptin's inhibition of DPP-4?
GLP-1 (Glucagon-like peptide-1)
Why is sitagliptin not associated with significant weight gain in Type 2 diabetes therapy?
It does not significantly increase insulin secretion
What is true regarding metformin use in combination with sitagliptin? What does it decrease?
Metformin helps decrease insulin resistance
What pathophysiological mechanisms does metformin primarily address in Type 2 diabetes?
Decreasing hepatic glucose production and improving insulin sensitivity
What is a key benefit of using metformin and sitagliptin together in Type 2 diabetes?
Reducing insulin resistance and promoting insulin secretion
The combination of sitagliptin and metformin is typically not recommended for patients with:
Moderate renal impairment
How does sitagliptin help manage blood glucose levels in Type 2 diabetes?
Stimulates insulin release and inhibits glucagon secretion
In patients with severe renal impairment, why should Sitagliptin’s dose be adjusted?
To account for reduced renal clearance of Sitagliptin.
What is the first-line therapy for most patients with Type 2 diabetes, which could include a combination of metformin and sitagliptin?
Metformin alone