T/F
Terminology
Anatomy
Stats
100
Those with Situs inversus have a reduced life span
FALSE
- normal life span
100
What is the latin phrase for Situs Inversus?
Situs Inversus Viscerum
translates to: Inverted position of the internal organs
100
Where is the liver located?
upper right abdomen
100
How many people are affected by situs inversus totalis?
1 in how many births?
1 in 10,000 births
200
Situs inversus is a congenital condition. It is caused by a genetic mutation.
True!
200
What is situs solitus?
Normal human antomy or normal position of the organs
200
How many lobes do the lungs have?
Right -> 3 lobes
Left -> 2 lobes
200
What is the percentage of people with situs inversus who have a congenital heart defect?
5-10%
300
Normally all of our organs develop in the body as "right-left" formation.
FALSE
Left right formation!
300
Define dextrocardia
Right sided heart -> cardiac apex points to the right
300
Where is the stomach located?
Upper left abdomen
300
How many genes have been linked to defects related to orientation in your body?
+ Can you name one?
More than 100 genes.
EX: ANKS3, NME7, NODAL, CCDC11, WDR16, MMP21, PKD1L1 and DNAH9.
400
Levocardia and Dextrocardia indicate the direction of the cardiac apex and orientation of cardiac chambers at birth.
False!!
Levocardia and dextrocardia only indicate the direction of the cardiac apex at birth -> not the orientation of the cardiac chambers.
400
What is Kartagener Syndrome?
A type of primary ciliary dyskinesia that causes reversed internal organs.
400
How many valves are in the heart?
4 - Aortic, mitral, tricuspid, pulmonary
400
What percentage of those with PCD have situs inversus totalis?
50%
500
Polysplenia syndrome is also known as right isomerism
False!
Polysplenia syndrome is also known as left isomerism
500
What is Heterotaxy syndrome? What are two syndromes we discussed that falls under this classification?
Hetero->different and taxy -> arrangement. It is the abnormal left-right distribution of the thoracoabdominal organs but is neither situs solitus or situs inversus.
Isomerism and Polysplenia
500
Which lung is smaller and why?
Left lung is smaller and has a notch than the right lung to accommodate for the heart.
500
What is the ratio of Situs inversus with levocardia? (Hint: this is less common)
1 in how many births?
1 in 22,000 births