Skeleton Labeling
Name the large bone in the upper arm that connects the shoulder to the elbow.
Humerus or What is the Humerus?
What type of muscle is attached to bones and helps us move; it is usually under our conscious control?
Skeletal muscle
What type of joint allows bending and straightening like in the knee or elbow?
Hinge joint
Name one function of the skeletal system related to movement.
Provides attachment points for muscles to enable movement (support for movement).
Besides movement, name one basic job muscles do for the body (hint: related to posture or breathing).
What is the name of the bones that protect the brain?
Cranium (skull)
Or
What is the Cranium/Skull?
Which muscle type works automatically (we do not consciously control it) and is found in organs like the stomach and intestines?
Smooth Muscle
Which joint type allows the head to turn from side to side (name the joint between the skull and first vertebra or the general joint type)?
Pivot joint / Atlantoaxial joint (between first and second vertebra) or joint at the neck
How does the skeleton help protect vital organs? Give one example.
Example: Rib cage protects the heart and lungs; skull protects the brain.
How do muscles help maintain body temperature during exercise?
Muscle activity produces heat through contraction, raising body temperature.
Which part of the skeleton makes up the central column that supports the body and is made of many small bones called vertebrae?
Vertebral column / Spine
or
What is the vertebral column/Spine?
What type of muscle is found only in the heart and helps pump blood throughout the body?
Cardiac Muscle (Heart)
What type of joint allows very little movement and is often found between the bones of the skull?
Immovable (fibrous) joints / Sutures of the skull
Bones store a mineral that helps keep our body healthy—what is this mineral?
Calcium (and phosphorus) storage
Explain how muscles and bones interact at a joint to create movement (use the terms "contract" and "pull" in your answer).
Muscles contract and pull on bones across joints, which causes bones to move.
Identify three bones found in the lower leg and foot region (choose any three).
Tibia, Fibula, Talus, Calcaneus, Metatarsals
Explain one key difference between skeletal muscle and smooth muscle.
Skeletal muscles are voluntary and striated(you control); smooth muscles are involuntary and not striated (move automatically)
Give an example of a ball-and-socket joint in the human body and explain what makes it different from a hinge joint.
Example: Shoulder or hip = ball-and-socket; allows movement in many directions vs hinge allows motion in one plane (like a door).
Explain how the skeletal system and muscular system work together to move the body (two-sentence explanation).
Muscles pull on bones to move them; bones act as levers and support so muscles can create movement.
Describe one way involuntary muscles help keep us alive (give an organ and function).
Smooth muscles in organs like the stomach move food; cardiac muscle pumps blood in the heart.
Tell me the smaller bones in the hand: the bones of the wrist (group name), the long bones of the fingers, and the bone that forms the palm.
Wrist bones = Carpals; finger long bones = Metacarpals & Phalanges; palm bone = Metacarpals (palm) / Carpals (wrist)Metacarpals (palm) / Carpals (wrist)
Describe how cardiac muscle cells are specialized to keep the heart beating continuously (one or two sentences).
Cardiac muscle: Has intercalated discs for fast, coordinated signals and contracts rhythmically without fatigue. Has intercalated discs for fast, coordinated signals and contracts rhythmically without fatigue.
Describe how a synovial joint is structured to reduce friction and allow smooth movement (one or two sentences).
Synovial joint: Contains a synovial cavity with fluid, cartilage on bone ends, and a capsule to reduce friction and cushion movement.
Describe how bone marrow contributes to the body's functions (one or two sentences).
Bone marrow makes blood cells (red and white) and stores some fat (yellow marrow).
Give a short explanation of how exercise affects muscles (include one positive effect on muscle strength or endurance).
Exercise strengthens muscles, increases endurance, and can increase muscle size (hypertrophy) and efficiency.