Joints
Example of Ball and Socket
shoulders and hips
Decreasing the angle of a joint
Flexion
Opposite of Anterior (front of body)
Posterior (back of the body)
AKA: Ventral & Dorsal
"S" or "C" curvature of the spine
Scoliosis
Broken bone - usually caused by trauma
Fracture
Example of Hinge Joint
elbow & knee
Increasing the angle of a joint
Extension
Opposite of Distal (further away)
Proximal (closer in proximity)
Abnormal inward curvature of the lumbar spine
Lordosis
Bone moves out of proper alignment
Dislocation
Example of a PIVOT joint
Base of the skull
BONUS: Name the C1 & C2 vertebrae
Movement towards the midline
Adduction
Opposite of Medial (midline or middle)
Lateral (away from midline)
Abnormal outward curvature of the thoracic spine
Kyphosis
Ruptured or "slipped" disc between vertebrae
Herniated Disc
Example of GLIDING joint
Wrist & Ankle
movement away from midline
Abduction
Opposite of Deep
Superficial (surface)
Build up of uric acid causes this
Gout
Another name for dental cavities
Caries
Example of SADDLE joint
Rotation inward & towards the front/face
Supination
Bonus: What's the opposite?
Opposite of Supine (flat on back, face up, palms up)
Prone (flat on stomach, face down)
Weakening of the bones - Post menopause women are most at risk
Osteoporosis
Inflammation of the sac around a joint
Bursitis
Bursa (sac) + -itis (inflammation)