Section 4.1 (bones of skeletal system)
what are the 4 components of skeletal system?
bones, cartilage, tendons, ligaments
What are the 5 sections of the Axial Skeleton?
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccyx (tailbone)
what is "Avascular Necrosis"?
what word defines- "uncontrolled flexion of neck, soft tissue injury usually"
whiplash
what is inflammation of the bursa?
bursitis
what are the classifications of bones called?
long limbs, short, flat, and irregular
Name the bones of the knee joint
femur, tibia, patella (kneecap), fibula
what is diastysis symphysis pubis?
excessive stretching of pelvic ligaments
what is primary bone cancer
malignant tumors that begin in bone tissue
what is the vertebral column supposed to protect?
brain, spinal cord, heart, and lungs
what is the difference between diaphysis and epiphysis?
diaphysis contains compact bone, epiphysis is composed of spongy bone
two parts:
1. what is the medical term for "shoulder blade"
2. what is the medical term for "collar bone"
1. scapula
2. clavicle
list the abnormal spinal curvatures (3) and explain
Kyphosis (normal posterior curve of thoracic spine, turned to disease)
Lordosis (exaggerated forward curve of lumbar spine)
what is arthrocentesis?
aspiration of joint fluid mostly used for gout, rheumatoid arthritis, or acute arthritis with joint swelling
what are the bones of the cranium?
frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, sphenoid, ethmoid
where can you find bone marrow?
the medulla
what are the functions of the pelvic girdle?
1. supports the axial skeleton
2. transmits upper body weight to lower limbs
3. provides attachment for lower limbs
4. protects internal organs, urinary bladder, distal segment of large intestine
List at least 3 bone fractures
closed, open, displaced, complete, incomplete, greenstick, linear, comminuted, impacted, spiral, oblique, transverse, pathologic, compression, stress
what is arthrodesis?
surgical fixation of a joint to prevent movement
what is ligament is considered the most injured, particulary in football players and female athletes
ACL ligament
what are the 3 types of joints
Fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial
What areas do the upper limbs consist of?
upper and lower arm, wrist, & hand bones/joints
what is the definition of osteoporosis?
condition where bones become more brittle and likely to fracture.
list a few things that can be used to stabilize a joint
bone grafts, plates, wires, and screws
what are the diagnostic for bone cancer
x-ray, CT scan, MRI, PET