Basic Functions
This skeletal function provides a framework that maintains body shape.
What is support?
The femur and humerus belong to this shape category.
What are long bones?
The elongated shaft of a long bone is called this.
What is the diaphysis?
This dense form of bone makes up approximately 80% of total bone mass.
What is compact (cortical) bone?
This bone forms the forehead and the upper part of the eye sockets.
What is the Frontal bone?
This bone is commonly called the collarbone.
What is the Clavicle?
The skull and ribs demonstrate this function by shielding vital organs.
What is protection?
Carpals and tarsals are examples of this approximately cube-shaped category.
What are short bones?
The expanded end of a long bone is called this.
What is an epiphysis?
The repeating cylindrical structural unit of compact bone is called this.
What is an osteon (Haversian system)?
This U-shaped bone is the lower jaw.
What is the Mandible?
The large, paired bone that forms the upper jaw.
What is the Maxilla?
Bones serve as levers and provide attachment sites for muscles for this function.
What is movement?
The sternum and cranial bones are examples of this thin, protective category.
What are flat bones?
This internal cavity in the shaft contains bone marrow.
What is the medullary cavity?
Blood vessels and nerves travel through this canal at the center of an osteon.
What is the central (Haversian) canal?
This long bone extends from the shoulder to the elbow.
What is the Humerus?
This broad, flat bone on the posterior thorax is called the shoulder blade.
What is the Scapula?
Red bone marrow performs this process, producing blood cells.
What is hematopoiesis?
Vertebrae belong to this category because of their complex shapes.
What are irregular bones?
This dense tissue forms much of the wall of the long-bone shaft.
What is compact bone?
Mature bone cells occupy these small spaces within the matrix.
What are lacunae?
This medial forearm bone forms the prominent point of the elbow.
What is the Ulna?
This large thigh bone connects the hip to the knee.
What is the Femur?
Yellow bone marrow contributes to energy reserves by storing this substance.
What is fat (triglycerides)?
The patella belongs to this category because it develops within a tendon.
What are sesamoid bones?
These branching bony struts make up the porous tissue commonly found within epiphyses.
What are trabeculae?
These tiny channels connect osteocytes and allow communication and nutrient exchange.
What are canaliculi?
This medial lower-leg bone bears most of the body’s weight between knee and ankle.
What is the Fibula?
This lateral forearm bone lies on the thumb side in anatomical position.
What is the Radius?
By storing and releasing calcium and phosphate, bone supports this regulatory role in addition to mineral storage.
What is mineral homeostasis (including blood pH regulation)?
A student identifies the pisiform in the wrist. Although most carpals are short bones, this particular bone belongs to this category.
What is a sesamoid bone?
This outer connective-tissue covering supplies blood vessels and contributes to bone repair and tendon attachment.
What is the periosteum?
These concentric layers of mineralized matrix surround the central canal and contribute to resistance against compression.
What are concentric lamellae?
This butterfly-shaped cranial bone contributes to the floor of the skull and the walls of the orbits.
What is the Sphenoid bone?
This irregular bone at the base of the vertebral column is formed by five fused vertebrae.
What is the Sacrum?