Axial vs. Appendicular
Three arm bones and leg bones
Ulna, radius, and humerus
Femur, fibula, tibia
Only freely moveable bone in the skull
Mandible
Part of skeletal system that covers the ends of the bones and connect bones to each other, also called articulations
Joints
Definition of hematopoiesis
Cell formation
Compression injuries is caused by:
Three components of axial skeleton
Vertebral column, Bony Thorax, and Skull
Definition of fontanels
spaces between bones of the skull known as soft spots
Location of compact and spongy bone in the long bone
Compact bone: diaphysis
Spongy bone: epiphysis
Functions of red and yellow bone marrow
red: produce blood cells
yellow: stores fat
Incomplete fracture in which the bone is bent
Greenstick fracture
Four components of Appendicular Skeleton
Pectoral Girdle, Upper Limbs, Pelvic Girdle, and Lower Limbs
Only bone that has no direct articulation to another bone
Hyoid bone
terms for the end and middle of the long bone
ends of bone: epiphysis
middle: diaphysis
Function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts
Osteoblasts: bone building cells
Osteoclasts: bone destroying cells
Bone is broken into many fragments
Comminuted fracture
Which is NOT from the axial skeleton?
- scapula, vertebrae, mandible, sacrum
Scapula
Ossification/osteogenesis
Medical term for inflammation of joints
arthritis
Epiphyseal growth plates are responsible for which type of growth
Longitudinal growth of bones (length)
Types of arthritis is common in older people (wear and tear on the joints)
osteoarthritis
Numbers of 3 types of vertebrae and functions
7 cervical, uphold and pivot the skull
12 thoracic, articulate ribs
5 lumbar, largest and support the weight of upper body
What type of bone shapes are ribs?
Flat bones
Three different types of joints and their capability of movement
Fibrous: no movement
Cartilaginous: slight movement
Synovial: most movement
How does bone remodeling occur?
Parathyroid hormone detects when calcium levels are too high or low to see when bone remodeling needs to occur.
- low calcium levels in blood: osteoclasts are activated to break down bone and release calcium in bloodstream.
- high calcium levels in blood: osteoblasts are activated to deposit calcium in bone matrix to build more bone
Bone stress will determine where bone remodeling will occur.
Broken bone is exposed to the outside (pierces skin)
Open/compound fracture