Word Parts #3
cyan- means what?
blue
What is an example of a flat bone?
Cranial, sternum, rib, scapulae, clavicle
The spaces between trabeculae can be filled with what two things?
air and red bone marrow
Bone building cells are called ________________ and later become mature bone cells or ______________________.
osteoblast;osteocyte
A fracture in which the bone bends rather than breaks- very common in children- is called what?
Greenstick
dent-
dont-
What is an example of a sesamoid bone?
Patellar bone
What is the structures that radiate from osteocytes and create pathways for nutrients and oxygen to reach osteocytes?
canaliculi
What are the only bone cells that undergo cell division called?
Osteoprogenitor cells
A fracture that occurs at an angle, typically from falling at an angle, is called what?
Oblique fracture
cut-
derm-
What type of cartilage is articular cartilage made up of?
Hyaline
List 2 bones that contain red bone marrow
Pelvis
Ribs
Sternum
Vertebrae
Ends of humerus and femur
What 3 things are found in a bone's extracellular matrix?
Water, mineral salts, and collagen fibers
What is the first step of fracture repair?
Hematoma forms. Bones are vascular so when bone breaks, so do the associated blood vessels. Blood brings WBC to remove dead bone tissue
What is a somatic cell?
a body cell (a non-gamete)
What two minerals do bones store?
Calcium and phosphorous
Draw and label an osteon. (Hint: 5 things should be labeled)
Osteocyte
Lamellae
Lacunae
Canaliculi
Central Canal
Where do osteoclasts come from?
fusion of white blood cells
What are the 3 hormones involved in calcium homeostasis?
PTH, calcitonin, calcitriol
What is syndactyly?
a condition where children are born with fused fingers
What is the scientific name for blood cell production?
Hematopoiesis
What is another name for the central canal?
Haversian canal
Draw a Venn diagram and compare/contrast the two types of ossification. List two differences for each type and one similarity.
Intramembranous- skull and clavicle, no hyaline model, one ossification center, directly forms from mesenchyme
Endochondral- all bones except the skull/clavicle, hyaline model, multiple ossification centers
Both- in utero, create spongy and compact bones
Draw a negative feedback loop demonstrating calcium homeostasis.
needs to emphasize that when blood calcium levels rise, it is because osteoclasts are becoming more active, depositing calcium into the bloodstream and lowering bone density. When blood calcium levels fall, it is because osteoblasts are becoming more active, depositing bone and increasing bone density.