Axial
The bones included in the axial skeleton
what is vertebral column, bony thorax, skull?
The bones included in the appendicular skeleton
The two types of bone tissue
What is compact and spongy?
Spaces in the skull in infants and function
What is fontanels; allows room for growth
Abnormal curvature of the spine
The names for C1 and C2
What is Atlas and Axis?
The scientific and common names for the bones in the pectoral girdle
What is the clavicle (collarbone) and the scapula (shoulder blade)?
The names for ends of long bones and middle of long bone
What is epiphyses (ends) and diaphysis (middle)?
Ossification definition and age at which a person is fully ossified (less epiphyseal plates)
What is the formation of bone from cartilage, and 2 years old?
Disorder that signifies a lack in vitamins
What is rickets?
List (and point) to the 5 cranial bones
What is frontal, sphenoid, temporal, parietal, and occipital?
List (and point to) the bones of the hands and feet
What is...
hands--carpals, metacarpals, phalanges
feet- tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges
The two types of marrow, where they are found, and their functions
What is...
1. yellow marrow-in diaphysis (in medullary cavity), fat storage
2. red marrow, in epiphysis (in spongy bone), hematopoiesis
Weakening of the bone that occurs with aging, and age and rate at which men and women experience this
What is osteoporosis, and age 50+; 1 in 2 women and 1 in 4 men
Explanation of herniated discs and symptoms
What is...
-Protruding discs of cartilage between the vertebrae
-Can irritate nearby nerves and result in pain, numbness or weakness in an arm or leg
The vertebral regions and the number of bones in each region
What is...
1. cervical-7
2. thoracic-12
3. lumbar-5
4. sacrum (5 fused)
5. coccyx (4 fused)
List (and point to) the bones in the arms and legs
What is....
arms-humerus, radius, ulna
legs-femur, tibia, fibula
The five functions of the skeletal system and explanations of each
What is....
1. support-internal framework to anchor all soft organs
2. Protection- ex. skull and brain
3. Movement-skeletal muscles attach to bones via tendons
4. Storage- fat in yellow marrow, calcium in bones
5. hematopoiesis- blood cell formation
Explanation of how bones are continuously growing and being broken down
What is two bone cell types
osteoblasts-build bones up/grow bones
osteoclasts-break bones down
The two types of arthritis-name and explanation
osteoarthritis-part of aging
rheumatoid arthritis- autoimmune disorder
Explain the concepts of 'true ribs', 'false ribs', and 'floating ribs'
What is.....
true ribs-articulate directly to sternum
false ribs-articulate to sternum indirectly
floating ribs-no articulation anteriorly
What is ilium, ischium, and pubis?
The function of the periosteum
What is fibrous, connective tissue that covers the diaphysis to protect it?
Possible reasons for the 1-year mortality rate after a hip fracture being 30%
What is....
this fracture occurs mostly in elderly, and causes decreased mobility, isolation, increased risk of complication from corrective surgery, increased risk of infection, etc. It is also possible the fracture was caused by a pre-existing medical condition.
The fracture seen in people who still have epiphyseal plates