Defining Key Terms
Properly, justified, true, belief.
What is knowledge?
The fallacy that assumes the very thing they are trying to prove.
What is circular reasoning?
Someone who is closed-minded, ignores other information, demands extraordinary evidence, and doubts excessively.
What is a bad skeptic?
It questions the reliability of our distinctive sources for belief.
What is Source Skepticism?
It is the phrase “I think, therefore I am” in Latin.
What is Cogito ergo sum?
An overarching branch that holds a view that questions the possibility of all knowledge and reality.
What is global skepticism?
It suggests that an evil genius is the source of our deception.
What is the Evil (Cartesian) Demon Hypothesis?
For example, the phrase “I don’t know anything” is one.
What is a fallacy?
It holds that moral claims are subjective and not grounded in any objective reality.
What is ethical/moral skepticism?
He was known to contribute to and elaborate on Pyrrhonian Skepticism.
Who was Sextus Empiricus?
A view that questions the possibility of knowledge in a particular area of study.
What is Local Scepticism?
It suggests that everything is one big delusion.
What is the Dream Hypothesis?
It is the stance that chooses to keep one’s beliefs instead of the radical hypothesis at hand.
What is the Principle of Belief Conservation?
It questions the reliability of our sensory perception.
What is empirical skepticism?
He introduced the method of radical doubt.
Who was Rene Descartes?
The Greek word meaning “withholding of judgment“.
What is epoché?
It suggests that age is only a deceptive appearance.
What is the Five Minute Hypothesis?
It is based on G.E. Moore’s statement “I know I have two hands”.
What is the “Common Sense” argument?
It demands rigorous evidence and analyzation, using empirical evidence as the basis for knowledge.
What is scientific skepticism?
Someone who believed that people should always be “quick to question and slow to believe”?
Who is Pyrrho of Elis?
The Greek word meaning “freedom from worry or anxiety”.
What is ataraxia?
It questions the possibility of knowledge and certainty by posing abnormal ideas.
What is radical skepticism?
It is the theory that asserts that beliefs are justified based on the evidence available for them; however, in excess, is simply impossible to satisfy.
What is evidentialism?
It suspends judgement on religious and supernatural claims.
What is agnosticism?
Believes that knowledge is impossible to achieve for humans and denies its certainty.
What is academic skepticism?