Skin, Hair, & Nails
What body system is skin, hair, scalp and nails referred to as?
What is Integumentary System
What is Vitiligo?
What is loss of pigmentation; Depigmentation of areas of skin leaving white patches
What type of skin would you see if the patient does excessive bathing and uses harsh soaps?
What is dry skin
Skin elevation filled with serous fluid, less than 1 cm.
What is a vesicle?
skin lesion that is elevated, palpable, solid skin mass less than 1 cm.
What is a papule?
What three senses would you use while performing inspection and palpation of skin?
What are: Sight, Smell, Touch
What three parts of the body would a patient exhibit jaundice upon assessment?
What are: Sclera, Mucous Membranes, Skin
You evaluate skin turgor on the back of the forearm or sternal area of your patient with your fingertips and release, if the turgor is poor and stays pinched and shows tenting this can be an indication of what?
What is dehydration
Nonpalpable pigmented skin lesion less than 1 cm.
What is a macule?
Palpable solid mass skin lesion greater than 1 cm.
What is a plaque?
While separating sections of scalp hair, upon inspection what two characteristics are you observing for?
What are: Color; Coarseness (texture)
In dark-skinned persons, the best areas to inspect and to detect cyanosis
What are lips and oral mucous membranes
What risk factor is the patient prone to if they have a skin history of being fair, freckled, ruddy complexion, light colored hair and eyes, and a tendency to burn easily?
What is skin cancer
What is a large angle and softening of the nail bed indicative of?
What is chronic oxygenation problems
What is irregularly shaped elevated area or superficial localized edema which varies in size?
What is Wheal ie. hives or mosquito bite
When documenting pitting edema, what factors are used in selecting between 1+ to 4+?
The amount or depth of pitting after pressing down on the skin and how long it takes for the indentation to return to previous state.
The two main causes of pallor (paleness of the skin)
What are anemia and decreased/ poor blood flow?
If you are assessing someone with light-colored skin, name at least 4 areas you can assess for cyanosis.
What are sclera of the eyes, mucous membranes, lips, nail beds, skin
Sharply defined indents and crumbling of nails with distal detachment that often occurs with psoriasis.
What is pitting of the nail.
An area of erythema that is non-blanchable
What is a Stage I Pressure Ulcer?
Protects the skin from UV rays
What is melanin?
What are four causes of erythema (red)?
What are Fever, Direct trauma, Blushing, Alcohol intake
Upon skin assessment finding would you observe that would lead you to ask the patient if they use topical medications or home remedies?
What is Inflammation and/or irritation, rash
What three factors can cause a patient to exhibit a clubbing of their nail bed which is on an angle of greater than 180 degrees with nail bed softening, nail flattening, and enlargement of fingertips?
What are: Chronic lack of oxygen; Heart disease; Pulmonary disease
What is the ABCDE checklist for a diagnosis of melanoma?
What is
1. Asymmetry (can you divide it in half)
2. Boarder irregularity (uneven or ragged)
3. Color irregularity (2 or more shades ie. pink, blue, or black)
4. Diameter (over 6mm pencil eraser size)
5. Evolution (size, shape, or color)