Unit 1
The linguistic study of usage and syntax in a language.
Grammar
A type of metaphor that gives human characteristics to nonliving items.
Personification
Persuades an audience through logical evidence and sound reasoning
Logos
The central message or universal truth conveyed by a text.
Theme
A logical approach to persuasion and rhetoric.
Argument
An overarching message or truth that is specific to a text.
Central Idea
An indirect reference to a person, object, historical event, or literary work that the audience is familiar with
Allusion
Persuades an audience through emotional connection
Pathos
Another word for "word choice"
Diction
The primary statement that is to be proved through the presentation of an argument. Should be controversial.
Claim
A restatement of part of an original work.
Paraphrase
Another name for the "art of persuasion"
Rhetoric
Persuades an audience through ethics and credibility
Ethos
The way sentences are organized, including the use of clauses and commas, as well as the length of sentences.
The model that describes a way of structuring logical arguments.
Toulmin Model of Argument
Specific information found within a reading that is used to support claims and analysis of that text.
Textual Evidence
A question raised to make a point, rather than to prompt actual answers.
Rhetorical question
persuades an audience by seizing the opportunity at the right time, also called the appeal to timeliness
Kairos
The statement in an essay that puts parameters around what will be discussed in that particular part of the text.
Thesis Statement
The factual, specific, observed data that comes from the real world and that substantiates an argument.
Evidence
This criteria for using evidence answers the question, "Is the evidence the author uses directly connected or closely related to the point or claim?"
Relevance
A type of tone that includes pronouns such as “you,” “we,” and “I” to make the author appear friendly and to make an audience feel included.
Inclusive tone
A diagram depicting the three elements of communication, without which communication cannot take place.
The quote from Abe Lincoln, “All dreaded it, all sought to avert it” is an example of _____, which it the use of the same structure in two or more parts of a sentence or list.
Parallelism
The underlying assumption about societal values that makes the argument persuasive. The final part of an argument.
Warrant/Backing