Slavery
What is the 13th Ammendment?
Slavery was officially abolished January 31st 1865
Define Non Violent Direct Action
Name two significant American Civil Rights Leaders
Martin Luther King, Rosa Parks, Malcom X
What was the Underground Railroad?
A secret, informal network of abolitionists, free Black people, and allies who helped enslaved individuals escape from the American South to free Northern states and Canada. Operating mainly in the early-to-mid 19th century, it was not an actual railroad but a dangerous, covert system of "stations" (safe houses) and "conductors" that aided approximately 100,000 freedom seekers.
Why was Non Violent Direct Action such an effective form of protest in the American Civil Rights Movement?
When violence was inflicted by others on them, they became the victims.
It allowed the general public to be on their side.
It made it harder for opponents of their protest to argue/come up against them as they weren't doing any harm.
Who said the famous "I Have a Dream" Speech
Martin Luther King
Name one song used as a part of Slavery Resistance.
How were songs used as resistance?
Swing Low, Sweet Chariot, Follow the Drinking Gourd.
Songs were used to unite and uplift. They were used to give messages/clues for revolt, escape and resistance.
Transmit directions, communication for escape. Secret codes.
List three forms of NVDA that occurred during the Civil Rights Movement
- boycotts (bus boycott)
- sit ins
- freedom rides
-marches/speeches
Why is Rosa Parks a famous figure in the American Civil Rights Movement
The Montgomery Bus Boycott
Refused to give up her seat
Other than the underground railroad and songs, explain 2 other forms of resistance.
Holding on to culture and customs
Behaviour- insolence, carelessness, wasting time...
Community
Revolt
Maintaining religious traditions or using christian religious worship as an opportunity to gather
Education
Running away
What were Jim Crow Laws?
Jim Crow laws were laws in the Southern United States, enacted between the late 19th century and 1965, that enforced mandatory racial segregation. Under the guise of "separate but equal," these laws mandated inferior public facilities for Black Americans, disfranchised voters, and enforced white supremacy through systemic discrimination.
Why was Malcom X a controversial figure?
Advocated to black self defense "by any means necessary"
Advocated for black nationalism/separatism rather than integration
Explain what the reconstruction era was and why is was a turbulent time for African Americans
The Reconstruction era (1865–1877) was the turbulent post-Civil War period focused on reintegrating former Confederate states into the Union and defining the legal status of nearly 4 million newly freed African Americans. It featured significant constitutional amendments granting citizenship and voting rights, yet ended with the rise of segregationist "Jim Crow" laws.
Explain two Jim Crow Laws that existed.
segregation of schools, segregation of public facilities and services, prohibition of interracial dating/marriage, public transport, housing/residence.
COMPARE Malcom X's and Martin Luther's Kings aims.
Similarities:
They wanted the situation for African Americans to change.
They wanted the rights of African Americans to be equal to that of White Americans.
Differences:
Integration versus separatism
NVDA versus "any means necessary".