Nature & Definition of SLD
This law permits but no longer requires the use of an ability-achievement discrepancy to identify a student with a specific learning disability.
What is Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) 2004?
The following are part of what clause?
What is an exclusionary clause?
Which of the following is a critique of the Ability-Achievement Discrepancy approach?
a) Considered a "Wait-to-fail model"
b) High prevalence rates
c) Inconsistent decision making
d) All of the above
What is all of the above?
NASP emphasizes that accurate identification of SLD requires analysis of this type of data rather than a single test score.
What is a comprehensive, data-based assessment and progress monitoring gathered from multiple sources over time?
In Tier 1 of the multi-tiered model, this kind of instruction is delivered by a qualified teacher and includes universal screening of academic skills.
What is high-quality evidence-based instruction in general education?
Out of the three SLD identification approaches, which one requires the highest level of reliance on inference for decision making?
a) Assessment of Cognitive Processes (PSW)
b) RTI
c) Ability-Achievement Discrepancy
What is a) Assessment of Cognitive Processes (PSW)?
Over 80 % of children identified as having a specific learning disability have it in this academic area.
What is reading?
Which of the following is not one of the IDEA's eight areas of eligibility?
A) Written Expression
B) Listening Comprehension
C) Phonological Awareness
D) None of the above
What is phonological awareness?
Which of the following are considered a part of a comprehensive evaluation for SLD?
a) Individualizing the assessment to the student
b) Utilizing multiple data sources
c) Reviewing data from previous interventions
d) All of the above
What is d) all of the above?
The recent reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (No Child Left Behind) specifies that federal Reading First grants for improving reading skills must incorporate the "essential components" in what five core components of reading.
What are a) phonemic awareness, b) phonics, c) vocabulary development d) reading fluency (including oral reading skills) and e) reading comprehension strategies?
According to research highlighted in the chapter, approximately 90% of poor readers with proper early intervention can catch up to average reading levels. However, if interventions are delayed until age 9 (when most children begin receiving services), what percentage of students will continue to have difficulties reading throughout high school?
a) 25%
b) 50%
c) 67%
d) 75%
What is d) 75%?
As part of the Response to Intervention (RTI) approach, it utilizes a "dual discrepancy". What are the two parts of the dual discrepancy?
What are a a) performance below expectations and b) rate of learning that is behind their peers despite appropriate interventions
NASP advises school psychologists to use this term rather than “dyslexia” when referring to reading-related learning disabilities in schools.
What is a “reading disability”?
Which of the following is not a generally accepted characteristic of SLD?
a) Learning disabilities are heterogenous
b) No defining characteristic is common to all SLD
c) Regardless of severity, moderate to severe SLD does not persist throughout a child's life span
d) The cognitive dysfunction underlying most SLD is language-based
What is c) Regard less of severity moderate to severe SLD does not persist throughout a child's life span.
Real answer: Moderate to severe SLD persists throughout the life span, with varying degrees of impairment of functioning
Which of the SLD Identification Approaches are part of an MTSS (multitiered model) framework?
What is RTI?