Flow Regimes
This type of flow has smooth, steady motion and occurs when Reynolds number is below ~2100.
What is laminar flow?
This dimensionless number relates inertial forces to viscous forces.
What is the Reynolds number?
The mass conservation equation for incompressible flow simplifies to this expression.
What is ∇·𝒗 = 0?
This assumption states that density remains constant.
What is an incompressible fluid?
Water, air, alcohol, and cooking oils are examples of which type of fluid?
What is Newtonian fluid?
This regime is marked by rapid and random fluctuations in velocity.
What is turbulent flow?
This number compares inertial forces to gravitational forces.
What is the Froude number?
The Navier-Stokes equation is the conservation equation for this physical quantity.
What is momentum?
This quantity decreases linearly along the pipe length during incompressible laminar flow.
What is pressure?
Ketchup, toothpaste, blood, and paint are examples of which type of fluid?
The approximate Reynolds number range where flow is neither fully laminar nor turbulent.
What is the transition region?
This number is the ratio of momentum diffusivity to thermal diffusivity.
What is the Prandtl number?
These fluids obey a linear relationship between shear stress and velocity gradient.
What are Newtonian fluids?
This assumption states that the flow properties do not change with time.
What is steady-state flow?
What does the variable μ represent?
What is the dynamic viscosity of the fluid?
The Reynolds number is defined by finding the ratio of which types of forces?
What are inertial and viscous forces?
This number is the product of Reynolds and Prandtl numbers.
What is the Péclet number?
Daily Double
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What variable is this formula used to calculate, ___=64/Re?
Friction factor (f)
What makes two systems dynamically similar?
What is having the same dimensionless numbers and boundary conditions?
Daily Double
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This number describes convective to conductive heat transfer at a surface boundary.
What is the Nusselt number?
The equations solve for these three variables as functions of space and time.
What are velocity, pressure, and temperature?
What are the units of mass flux (G)?
kg/m^2-s
What is the unit of wall shear stress (τ_w)?
What is a Pascal (Pa)?