Volcanoes
What is the term for molten rock that erupts from a volcano?
Lava
What is the process of breaking down rocks into smaller pieces?
Weathering
What is the process of moving weathered rock and soil from one place to another?
Erosion
What is the process of sediment being laid down in a new location
Deposition
What are the large pieces of Earth's lithosphere called
Name a famous volcano located in the United States.
Mt. St. Helens
Name one type of physical weathering.
Ice Wedging
Name one agent of erosion.
water, wind, or ice
How do deltas form
from the deposition of sediment at the mouth of a river
Name the boundary where two plates move apart or closer together
Fault Lines
What type of volcano is formed by explosive eruptions and has steep sides?
Composite
What type of weathering involves plant roots?
Biological
How does a river contribute to erosion?
by carrying away sediment as it flows
What is the term for sediment that is deposited by wind at the beach?
sand dunes
What geological feature is often formed at a plate boundary
Mountain
How do scientists predict volcanic eruptions?
by monitoring seismic activity and gas emissions
What term describes the chemical change in minerals due to reactions with water
Chemical Weathering
What is the effect of deforestation on erosion?
it increases erosion due to loss of tree roots
How can glaciers cause deposition
by dropping rocks and sediment as they melt
How do earthquakes relate to plate tectonics
they occur when plates slide past each other
What is the difference between an active, dormant, and extinct volcano?
an active volcano erupts regularly, a dormant volcano has not erupted in a long time but could, and an extinct volcano is not expected to erupt again
How does temperature change lead to physical weathering
Through the expansion and contraction of rocks
Describe the role of gravity in erosion.
it causes materials to move downhill
Explain how human activity can affect deposition.
through construction and land alteration that changes natural sediment flow
Describe the theory of continental drift.
the idea that continents were once joined and have since drifted apart