AoS
AoS errors are most obvious in which 2 components of speech?
Articulation and prosody
This type of dysarthria can frequently be mistaken for spastic or ataxic dysarthria, but looking for lower facial drop can help with differential diagnosis.
UUMN dysarthria
Which dysarthria is primarily treated medically (i.e., behavioral therapy is not as helpful)?
Hyperkinetic
This is the most common demyelinating disease, causing demyelination in scattered areas of CNS and typically resulting in mixed spastic-ataxic dysarthria
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
When is our MSD final exam?
For someone with AoS, which is more abnormal - AMRs or SMRs?
SMRs
Which disease typically starts as a LMN disease causing flaccid dysarthria, but eventually progresses to affecting the UMNs as well?
ALS
These types of approaches target improvement of speech intelligibility, prosody and naturalness, and efficiency
Restorative approaches
This dysarthria is caused by bilateral damage to direct (pyramidal) and/or indirect (extrapyramidal) activation pathways.
Spastic dysarthria
Apraxia of speech is most difficult to distinguish from which other two communication disorders?
What is the primary standardized measure used to diagnose and quantify AoS?
Apraxia Battery for Adults - Second Edition
You have a patient say a series of sentences that have real words but that don't really make sense. You have an unfamiliar listener judge what words could be understood. What were you assessing?
Intelligibility
This type of treatment for AoS is designed to improve speech production by facilitating spatial targets, movement, or coordination of the articulators and uses repeated motor practice and modeling-repetition
Articulatory-kinematic
What is the most common etiology type (i.e., vascular, traumatic, degenerative, etc) for mixed dysarthria?
Degenerative
What is the "gold standard" for diagnosing motor speech disorders?
For someone with this type of limb apraxia, they can complete task in natural context but not on command
Ideomotor apraxia
The most common symptoms associated with this dysarthria include imprecise consonants, irregular artic breakdowns, irregular AMRs, and distorted vowels.
Ataxic dysarthria
Alerting signals, gestures, and monitoring listener comprehension are all examples of what?
Speaker-oriented strategies
What is the main difference between PD and Parkinsonism?
Patients with parkinsonism have similar symptoms as PD but they do not respond as well to levodopa therapy.
This MSD is estimated at 4.4 per 100,000 people. The onset is between 30 – 90, but two-thirds are after age 65, and median survival time may be around 9 years. It ofter co-occurs with aphasia.
Primary progressive apraxia of speech (PPAoS)
In the first step of this treatment approach, the clinician asks the client to “watch, listen, and then say it with me.” In the second step, the client watches and listens to the clinician say it, followed by a delay, and then says it while the clinician mouths the word only.
Integral stimulation
A 43 year-old man with complaint of speech difficulty, problems with tongue control, and headache and neck pain of two months duration. He described his speech as “slurred” and complained of excess saliva accumulation and difficulty moving food with his tongue. Oral mech exam revealed general lingual atrophy. He was barely able to move his tongue in any direction. Phonation and resonance were normal, as were AMRs for “pu,” but those for “tuh” and “kuh” were significantly slowed and reduced in precision. Lingual sounds were severely impaired. Nonlingual sounds were normal. Intelligibility was severely reduced. MRI and CT scan identified a small tumor in the brainstem. What type of dysarthria does he have?
Flaccid
The goal of this respiration treatment is for increased loudness, increased syllables/breath group, increased speaking endurance, and also decreases dysphagia and aspiration pneumonia
EMST/IMST
This term describes a rhythmic tremor associated w/ cerebellar disease.
Titubation
This is the largest cranial nerve. It exits from the pons, and has three branches. Lesions may cause deviation of the jaw upon opening.
Trigeminal (CN V)