CARDIAC ARREST
Symptoms of cardiac arrest?
sudden collapse, no pulse, no breathing, loss of consciousness
Two Signs and Symptoms of ESRD?
Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, fatigue and weakness, decrease in urination, persistent itching, muscle twitches and cramps, hypertension, shortness of breath, chest pain if fluid builds up around the heart.
What causes respiratory failure w/hypoxia?
Intrapulmonary shunting of blood resulting from airspace filling or collapse.
Signs and Symptoms of hypokalemia?
Abnormal heart rhythms, shortness of breath, weakness and fatigue, muscle cramps and spasms, tingling or numbness.
What is atorvastatin (Lipitor) prescribed for?
To lower "bad" cholesterol and fats such as LDL and triglycerides.
What happens in cardiac arrest?
An electrical disturbance occurs in the heart, pumping action is disrupted, blood flow to vital organs stops, depriving them of oxygen. If left untreated, death will occur.
Causes of kidney disease?
Diabetes, hypertension, acute renal failure
Symptoms of respiratory failure w/hypoxia are?
dyspnea, tachypnea, SOB, cyanosis,
Hypokalemia is what?
Deficiency of potassium.
What is epoetin alfa (Epogen) prescribed for?
To treat anemia associated with chronic kidney disease
Risk factors for cardiac arrest are?
hypertension, obesity, diabetes, high blood cholesterol, obstructive sleep apnea, chronic kidney disease, low potassium (hypokalemia).
What lab values are affected by ESRD?
BUN, Creatinine, GFR, BUN/creat ratio
What diagnostic test should be done if there is a concern for respiratory failure w/hypoxia?
Check body's oxygen and CO2 levles, chest x-ray for abnormalities in the lungs.
What is potassium and what does it do for the body?
Potassium is an essential mineral that helps regulate muscle contractions, maintain healthy nerve function and regulate fluid balance.
What is midodrine prescribed for?
Dialysis exacerbated hypotension
What treatment is required for cardiac arrest?
Immediate CPR and defibrillation.
End stage renal failure causes?
Anemia, uremia, hypokalemia, GFR decrease, oliguria, and hypotension.
What are some of the causes of respiratory failure w/hypoxia?
Pulmonary embolism, COPD, pneumonia, cystic fibrosis, lung disease
Causes of hypokalemia?
Chronic kidney disease, Diabetic ketoacidosis, diuretics, diarrhea, Aldosteronism (the production of too much aldosterone leads to loss of potassium and retention of sodium which increases blood pressure)
Warfarin (coumadin) is prescribed for treatment of?
What labs must you monitor before administering Warfarin and what do they measure?
Treatment of pulmonary embolism (PE), and atrial fibrillation with embolism.
PT (measures the time it takes for a clot to form) INR (measures how thin the blood is)
What device is used to measure blood pressure?
sphygmomanometer
Your client with kidney disease has low erythropoietin levels. they are also at risk for what?
Anemia, hypoxia
How is Respiratory failure w/hypoxia treated?
Oxygen therapy, ventilator such as a Bipap machine.
Why does hypokalemia cause shallow respirations?
Decreased ability to use accessory muscles for breathing
What labs must you monitor before administering Warfarin and what do they measure?
PT - measures the time it takes for a clot to form
INR - measures how thin the blood is