Misc 1
Tyreese- What is a transport protein?
A protein that is inserted fully into the membrane and functions as a channel for molecules to pass through.
Lily, Madi, Cooper- What translates RNA into amino acids?
The ribosome.
Emoni's group- What is diffusion?
A form of passive transport where molecules move from high to low concentration without the cell using energy.
Is regulating blood sugar a positive or negative feedback loop?
Negative.
Tyreese's group- What's bigger: An atom or a cell?
Cell.
Emoni- Who discovered cells?
Robert Hooke
Lily, Madi, Cooper- Where are proteins synthesized and modified?
The rough ER.
Reina's group- Define active transport.
A mode of cell transport that uses ATP to bring larger molecules across the membrane or pump them against their gradient.
The Goats- Is the ripening of fruit a positive or negative feedback loop?
Positive.
What type of transport is necessary for the transport of Na+ and K+ ions across the cell membrane?
Active transport.
Who was the first person to see a living cell by looking at his tooth gunk?
Anton van Leeuwenhoek.
Lily, Madi, Cooper- The gel-like substance that surrounds all organelles is known as the...
Cytosol.
The Goats- Define the term "isotonic."
The solution is balanced. There is no net movement of water in or out of a cell.
The Goats- Describe the difference between a positive and a negative feedback loop.
Positive: Adds on to or increases a certain effect.
Negative: Returns conditions back to normal.
Tyreese- When a carbohydrate is attached to a protein, it is known as a...
Glycoprotein
Tyreese's group- Once equilibrium is reached, what kind of movement is witnessed across the cell membrane?
Equal amounts of molecules coming in and coming out.
Emoni's group- What is the function of the cell wall?
To protect the cell and maintain its shape.
The Goats- A saltwater fish is placed in a freshwater environment. Is the solution hypotonic, isotonic, or hypertonic to the fish's cells? Why?
Hypotonic. Saltwater fish have evolved to conserve water and release concentrated urine. This means that there will be an overflow of water into the cells, causing them to swell and burst.
The Goats- Why can't a freshwater fish be placed in salt water? Can it maintain homeostasis?
The fish has evolved to release a lot of water in a freshwater environment, so it will lose water, become dehydrated, and be unable to maintain homeostasis.
Define the difference between a prokaryote and a eukaryote.
Eukaryotes have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
Emoni's group- Define cell theory.
Cells are the fundamental unit of life. All living things are composed of cells. Cells arise only from pre-existing cells. Cells carry genetic material in the form of DNA, which is passed from parent to daughter cell.
Lily- This organelle helps the cell digest materials and can trigger apoptosis.
Lysosome.
Reina's group- To "facilitate" means "to help." Why is one mode of passive transport called facilitated diffusion?
The transport protein is helping the larger molecules enter the cell by leaving itself open.
Explain how maintaining your heart rate after exercise is a positive or negative feedback loop.
Negative. The heart is trying to return the body's conditions back to normal by adjusting its heartrate to meet the oxygen needs of the cells.
Explain the endosymbiotic theory for mitochondria and chloroplasts.
A larger cell absorbed a photosynthetic prokaryote and an ATP-producing prokaryote. The two were not digested and developed a symbiotic relationship with the larger cell.