COPD
What does COPD stand for?
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
What tubes become inflamed in bronchitis?
The bronchial tubes
What are the tiny air sacs that are damaged in emphysema?
The alveoli
Is nicotine a stimulant or a depressant?
Stimulant
Tobacco contains at least how many compounds?
At least 4,000
What basic function does COPD makes difficult to do?
Breathing
Name one common cause of bronchitis.
Viruses
Bacteria
Pollution
Smoke
What becomes trapped in the alveoli in emphysema?
Air
Which major system in the body does nicotine affect?
The nervous system
What do we call the chemicals in tobacco that can cause cancer?
Carcinogens
Name one respiratory condition that is considered to be a part of COPD.
Chronic bronchitis or emphysema
What symptom is caused by mucus buildup in bronchitis?
Coughing
Emphysema reduces the surface area for what important gas process?
Gas exchange
How long does it take nicotine to reach the brain after inhaling?
About 7 seconds
What are the compounds in tobacco that can cause cell damage?
Aldehydes
What gets damaged in the lungs during COPD?
The air passages
What type of bronchitis lasts long-term?
Chronic bronchitis
Why do people with emphysema get tired easily?
Less oxygen reaches the muscles in the body
Nicotine increases the release of multiple chemicals in the brain called what?
Neurotransmitters
What gases in the smoke affect the oxygen metabolism?
Nitric oxide and hydrocyanic acid
Why does COPD limit oxygen reaching the bloodstream?
The damaged air sacs can’t exchange gases well
Bronchitis makes breathing harder because the airways become what?
Swollen or narrowed
In severe cases, what kind of treatment could be required?
Medication
Change in lifestyle
Surgery
What is the overall effect nicotine has on the brain?
Increased brain arousal
Why do consumers have trouble knowing the exact risks of cigarettes?
Companies don’t disclose specific ingredient information