pH, Acids & Bases
This scale ranges from 0 to 14 and measures how acidic or basic a solution is
What is the pH scale.
This type of chemical bond forms when a metallic atom transfers one or more electrons completely to a non-metallic atom.
What is an ionic bond?
This class of reaction occurs when two or more simple reactants combine together to form a single more complex product.
What is a synthesis reaction?
This scientific law states that matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction meaning total reactant mass equals total product mass.
What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?
These are the electrons located in the outermost shell of an atom that participate in forming chemical bonds.
What are valence electrons?
An unknown clear solution turns blue litmus paper red. This indicates the solution belongs to this class of compounds.
What is an acid/acidic?
This is the correct IUPAC systematic name for the compound with the formula MgF2.
What is magnesium fluoride?
This specific element must always be present as a reactant for any combustion reaction to take place.
What is oxygen?
To follow conservation laws you can only change these leading whole numbers in front of chemical formulas never the subscripts within them.
What are coefficients?
An atom that has lost or gained electrons, resulting in a net positive or negative electrical charge is called by this general term.
What is an ion?
These are the two products always formed when an acid completely reacts with a base in a neutralization reaction.
What are water (H2O) and a salt (ionic compound)?
This prefix is used in covalent nomenclature to indicate the presence of exactly four atoms of an element, such as in carbon tetrachloride.
What is tetra?
The general equation A + BC → AC + B represents this specific classification of a chemical reaction
What is a single displacement reaction?
To balance the skeleton equation H2 + O2 → H2O, this coefficient must be placed in front of the H2 molecules.
What is 2?
This horizontal row on the periodic table tells you how many electron shells an element's neutral atoms possess.
What is a period?
A solution with a pH of 3 is this many times more acidic than a solution with a pH of 6.
What is 1,000 times? (103 = 1,000)
This is the correct chemical formula for the compound copper(II) nitrate.
What is Cu(NO3)2
These two greenhouse gas compounds are the main products of the complete combustion of any hydrocarbon fuel.
What are carbon dioxide and water vapor?
Balance this equation: N2 + H2 → NH3. State the three coefficients in order from left to right.
What is 1, 3, and 2?
According to the octet rule, stable molecular structures are achieved when atoms share/transfer electrons to obtain this number of valence electrons.
What is 8?
This compound is formed when gas emissions like carbon dioxide or sulfur dioxide react with atmospheric moisture, leading to a low-pH environmental hazard.
What is acid precipitation or acid rain?
This is the IUPAC name for the compound Fe2O3 using Roman numerals to indicate the multivalent charge of the transition metal.
What is iron(III) oxide?
When aqueous solutions of sodium chloride and silver nitrate are mixed, a solid substance settles out of the solution, which is known by this chemical term.
What is a precipitate?
If 24 grams of magnesium reacts completely with 16 grams of oxygen gas this exact mass of magnesium oxide product will be produced.
What is 40 grams?
These seven elements exist naturally as paired molecules rather than single atoms often remembered by the mnemonic HOBrFINCl
What are diatomic elements?