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The second most important line of defense is vaccine.
What is Flu Vaccine?
The first line of defense is Hand washing, of course!
A new cell-growth pattern that is characteristic of cancer but does not invade surrounding tissues.
What are Benign Neoplasms?
Med-Surg p. 226
A category of learning that involves knowledge and thought processes within the individual’s intellectual ability.
What is the Cognitive Domain?
The individual must be able to synthesize information at an intellectual level before the actual behaviors are performed.
Caused by excessive iron loss from bleeding, decreased dietary intake, or malabsorption. Often occurs as a result of hemorrhage and chronic blood loss: heavy menstrual bleeding, certain types of cancer (esophageal, colon, stomach), and ulcerative gastrointestinal problems such as peptic ulcer disease.
What are the Causes of Iron Deficiency Anemia?
Med-Surg p. 712
Acute hemolytic reaction: •Fever •Chills •Hypotension Flank pain •Vascular collapse
Febrile nonhemolytic reaction: •Temp increase of 1°C or 2°F •Chills •Headache •Chest pain
Allergic reaction: •Itching Hives •Facial flushing •Anxiety •Dyspnea
Circulatory overload: •Headache •Dyspnea •JVD •Edema •Increased BP
What is a Blood Transfusion Reaction?
Table 10.7 Med-Surg book p. 170
• Oral analgesics should be first pharmacological treatment option; • Analgesics should be given at regular intervals rather than “on demand.”; • Analgesics should be administered according to pain intensity; • The goal of pain management is to improve functional quality of life; • Analgesics should be administered with attention to the details of dose and response; • Evaluation of therapeutic response is critical to long-term pain management success.
What is Cancer Pain Management?
Med-Surg book p. 199
FOUR of the following must be present to ID this: •Palpitations, pounding heart, increased HR •Sweating •Trembling/shaking •SOB or feeling smothered •Feelings of choking •Chest pain/discomfort •Nausea or abdominal distress •Dizziness, unsteady gait, lightheadedness, feeling faint •Chills or heat sensations •Paresthesia (abnormal sensation, typically tingling or pricking (“pins and needles”) •Derealization (feelings of unreality) or depersonalization (feeling detached from oneself) •Fear of losing control/going crazy •Fear of dying
What are the s & sx of a panic attack?
Psych book p. 479
The category of learning which includes attitudes, feelings, and values.
What is the Affective Domain?
The act or process of supporting, defending, or assisting in another’s cause.
What is Patient Advocacy?
Bodily movements that are not consciously controlled like breathing or sleepwalking. Performance of actions without conscious thought or intention, such as tapping fingers, jingling keys, etc.
What are Automatisms?
Identify Patient Correctly, Improve Staff Communication, Use Medicines Safely, Use Alarms Safely, Prevent Infection, Identify Patient/Resident Safety Risks, Improve Health Care Equity, and Prevent Mistakes in Surgery
What are National Patient Safety Goals?
• Avoid exposure to known carcinogens such as tobacco.; Wear sunscreen every day; • Maintain a healthy weight; • Engage in regular moderate to vigorous physical activity; • Eat a healthy, plant-based diet; • Limit consumption of alcoholic beverages; • Recognize family risks, consider assessment or prophylactic interventions for genetic mutations, or alter screening practices.
What are Cancer Prevention Measures?
Med-Surg book p. 237 Box 13.2
Caring for a CVC line: Saline, Additive, Saline, Heparin
What is the S.A.S.H.?
CVADs need to be flushed after the administration of a medication or blood product when changing from a continuous infusion to an intermittent “locked” device and also after the withdrawal of blood and when not in use. Med-Surg p. 167
The acronym for change in bowel or bladder habits, a sore that does not heal, unusual bleeding or discharge, thickening or lump in the breast or any other part of the body, indigestion or difficulty swallowing, obvious change in a wart or mole, and nagging cough or hoarseness.
What is C. A. U. T. I. O. N.?
Med Surg p. 228
•Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), •Heart disease, •Metabolic syndrome, •Airway obstruction, •Chronic kidney disease, •Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, •Infertility issues, •Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), •Cancer, •Increased medication prescription for pain relief, and •Psychiatric disorders, and several others
What is Obesity Health Risks?
Med-Surg chapter 68
This is an antihistamine, also reduces anxiety. Also treats nausea & vomiting, pruritis, urticaria for like allergic reactions. It is a CNS depressant. Starts working in about 15-30 minutes; three-hour half-life; lasts about 4-6 hours.
What is hydroxyzine (Vistaril)?
Surgical procedures, radiation therapies, and medical treatments. Treatment may be single therapy or may be multimodality.
What are ways to Treat Cancer?
Med-Surg Pg. 242
Increased T3 and T4 and Decreased TSH
What Diagnostic Test Results for Hyperthyroidism?
The domain that involves what's going on both psychologically and socially. Refers to the series of stages of development in the emotional, personal characteristics, and interpersonal aspects of a person.
What is the Psychosocial Domain?
Decreased energy, increased sleep, fatigue, weight gain, decreased appetite, and susceptibility to cold temperatures. May develop myxedema.
What are the s & sx of Hypothyroidism?
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis - most common type of hypothyroidism, caused by an autoimmune response leading to the destruction of the thyroid gland by immunological processes.
Med Surg p. 946
Regulate nursing practice at the state level
What is the Nurse Practice Act?
•Persistent, unrealistic, excessive anxiety and worry for more than 50% of the time; •For more days than not for more than 6 months; •The anxiety and worry are associated with muscle tension, restlessness, or feeling keyed up or on edge.
What are the s & sx of Generalized Anxiety Disorder?
These symptoms are like those often associated with anxiety in the general population but, unlike the typical experience of anxiety, the symptoms in GAD are intense enough to cause clinically significant impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. Med-Surg p. 479
This is a systematic, person-centered, goal-oriented method of caring that provides a framework for nursing practice.
What is the Nursing Process?
Chills, Elevated temperature, Pleuritic pain, Rhonchi and wheezes, Use of accessory muscles for breathing, Cyanosis, Mental status changes, Sputum production
What are the Symptoms of Pneumonia clients can present with?
T. N. M.
What is Tumor size, Number of lymph nodes involved, and presence of Metastases?
Med-Surg p. 228
•Respiratory failure, which requires a breathing machine or ventilator; •Empyema or lung abscesses. These are infrequent, but serious, complications of pneumonia. They occur when pockets of pus form inside or around the lung. These may sometimes need to be drained with surgery; •Sepsis, a condition in which there is uncontrolled swelling (inflammation) in the body, which may lead to organ failure; •Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a severe form of respiratory failure
What are the Complications of Pneumonia?
This type of reporting is when healthcare workers are protected from liability if they report suspected child abuse. It also may be required to disclose protected patient information.
What is Good Faith Reporting?
They can calm people when they are anxious. It can stop the anxiety from increasing or decrease it to where it is manageable. Not all work the same for everyone. They can satisfy comfort needs, and decrease or stop anxiety from increasing.
What are Coping Mechanisms?
Examples: sleeping, eating, exercising, smoking, crying, drinking, daydreaming, laughing, cursing, pacing, foot-swinging, fidgeting, nail-biting, finger-tapping, talking to someone they feel comfortable with (Some of these may not be good for the client, maladaptive). Med-Surg p. 489
Sit squarely facing the patient. This gives the message that the nurse is there to listen and is interested.
Observe an open posture. Posture is considered “open” when arms and legs remain uncrossed.
Lean forward toward the patient. This nonverbal behavior conveys to the patient that you are involved & interested in the interaction.
Establish eye contact. Direct eye contact is another behavior that conveys the nurse’s involvement and willingness to listen.
Relax. Whether sitting or standing during the interaction, the nurse should communicate a sense of being relaxed and comfortable.
What is S. O. L. E. R.?
Psych textbook, pg. 116
Be sure to be diligent with handwashing, sanitizing, disinfecting surfaces, avoiding physical contact, and getting your flu shot every year
What is Teaching for Flu Prevention?
An ischial wound that extends through the epidermis into the dermis is a stage....
What is Stage 2?
Invasion of deeper tissues or involvement of local lymph nodes.
Med-Surg p. 227
This could reduce mucous viscosity, replace losses due to fever, support immune function, and help counteract blood thickening resulting in inappropriate clotting.
What is the reason why Hydration is important for clients with Respiratory illnesses?
Fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, pallor (earlobes, palms, mucous membranes and conjunctiva), dusky nail beds, tachycardia, tachypnea, koilonychia (brittle, spoon-shaped nails), cheilosis (cracks in corners of mouth), glossitis (smooth sore tongue), dizziness, hypoxia, pica (craving to eat unusual substances such as clay or starch).
What are the s & sx of Iron Deficiency Anemia?
Med-Surg p. 713
It should be changed immediately if it is no longer occlusive or becomes moist. They do not require routine dressing changes or site care.
What is the Care of Central Line Dressings?
The use of maximal sterile barrier precautions, including mask, sterile gown and cap, sterile gloves, and large full-body drapes, while inserting a CVAD (CVC) is now the standard of practice. Nurses play a key role in preventing these infections by following evidence-based best practices (see Safety Alert). Med-Surg p. 166
• Elevated heart rate, cardiac dysrhythmias, and increased heart sounds; • Thyroid bruit linked to increased blood flow; • Heat intolerance; • Increased gastric activity resulting in increased bowel movements; • Increased appetite; • Weight loss; • Fatigue; • Nervousness; • Insomnia; • Light to absent menses; • Hair loss. Other clinical manifestations include exophthalmos (protrusion of the eyeball) and goiter.
What are s & sx of Hyperthyroidism?
Thyroid storm or thyrotoxicosis may develop with poorly managed hyperthyroidism. Clinical manifestations include tachycardia, fever, systolic hypertension, abdominal pain, tremors, and changes in level of consciousness. Med-Surg book p. 949
Chronic lung disease is characterized by an intermittent, reversible airway obstruction resulting from inflammation of the lung’s airways and a tightening of the muscles that surround the airways.
What is the Patho of Asthma?
Med-Surg book p. 496