Periodic Table
Atomic Structure
Scientific Measurement
Chemical Reactions
Stoichiometry
100
Increasing Atomic Mass
When Mendeleev created the first periodic table the elements were put in a specific order based on what?
100
atomic structure
The atom consists of three component parts: Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons
100
density
..., Mass / Volume
100
Law of conservation of mass
The mass doesn't change after a reaction has occurred.
100
Stoichiometry
the calculation of chemical quantities in chemical reactions
200
Mosley
Who arranged the "Periodic Table" we use today?
200
atomic number
the order of an element in Mendeleev's table of the elements
200
scientific notation
.., A method of writing or displaying numbers in terms of a decimal number between 1 and 10 multiplied by a power of 10.
200
common acids
Hydrochloric acid (HCl); Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄); Nitric acid HNO₃; Acetic acid (CH₃COOH); Formic acid (HCOOH); Citric acid (H₈CH₆H₅O₇)
200
Coefficients in a balanced equation can represent ? (three things)
1) Relative number of particles (atoms, molecules, formula units) 2) Relative number of moles 3) Relative volume (of gases @ STP)
300
repeating (the pattern of how many valence electrons there are repeats in each row. So does the pattern of the element's properties.)
The word "Periodic" means
300
Bohr
a Danish physicist (1885-1962); created a new atomic model; described electrons as moving around the nucleus in fixed orbits and having a set amount of energy
300
Celsius scale
., a temperature scale that defines the freezing point of water as 0 degrees and the boiling point of water as 100 degrees
300
common base
Potassium hydroxide (potash - KOH); Sodium hydroxide (lye - NaOH); Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂Ammonia (NH₃); Methylamine (CH₃NH₂); Aniline (C₆H₅NH
300
theoretical yield
the amount of product of interest that will be yielded in a chemical reaction as calculated using stoichiometry
400
Families or Groups
What are the vertical columns called? (2 names)
400
isotope
atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons
400
energy
.., (physics) the capacity of a physical system to do work
400
How do you know if a chemical reaction has occurred?
Formation of a precipitate -Color change -Odor change -Visual energy (light)
400
Mole ratio
mole "to find" / mole "given"
500
valence electrons
The number of ______________ will determine what properties an element has (such melting point, reactivity, metallic, or conductivity)
500
orbital
a region of space around the nucleus where an electron is likely to be found
500
measurement
..., "the process of assigning numbers and units to particular features of objects or events; involves attaching a number representing the observed extent of a dimensional quantity to an appropriate unit. The number and the unit together constitute the measure of the object or event (Source: Johnston & Pennypacker, cited in CHH, 2 Ed, p 73).
500
Reaction Type: Synthesis
A chemical reaction tha occurs when two or more substances combine to form ONE complex substance. (There will only be one product) A + B → AB
500
stoichiometric proportions
the amounts of reactants and/or products that are prescribed by the coefficients in the balanced equation
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