Sociology
A macro theory focusing on social stability and consensus.
What is functionalism?
The shared beliefs, values, norms, and practices of a group.
What is culture?
Behavior that violates social norms.
What is deviance?
The socially constructed roles and behaviors typically associated with being male or female.
What is gender?
A system of ranking people in a hierarchy.
What is social stratification?
A macro theory emphasizing conflict and inequality.
What is conflict theory?
Tangible, physical objects produced by a society.
What is material culture?
The theory that deviance is a result of socially approved goals and limited means.
What is strain theory?
The sociologist who described religion as the “opiate of the masses.”
Who is Karl Marx?
Movement up or down the social class ladder.
What is social mobility?
The process of learning norms, and values?
What is socialization?
The tendency to view one's own culture as superior.
What is ethnocentrism?
A symbolic interactionist theory that explains how being labeled as deviant affects future behavior.
What is labeling theory?
A small religious group that is often seen as unorthodox or outside the mainstream.
What is a sect?
A closed system where status is assigned at birth.
What is a caste system?
The founder of conflict theory.
Who is Karl Marx?
Shared cultural heritage and/or nationality?
What is ethnicity?
Crimes that are committed by individuals in the upper class during the course of their occupation.
What is white-collar crime?
The theory that society is structured in a way that benefits men and disadvantages women.
What is patriarchy (or feminist theory)?
The unequal distribution of wealth, power, and prestige.
What is social inequality?
The idea that deviance is learned through interaction with others.
What is differential association theory?
Prejudice plus power equals this.
What is racism?
Emile Durkheim said deviance is this, meaning it contributes to the stability of society.
What is functional?
Durkheim said religion serves this function in society.
What is social cohesion (or social integration)?
The idea that everyone has a fair chance to succeed.
What is meritocracy?