Chap 7
According to this theory, individuals are more likely to be deviant when they feel disconnected and detached from their community.
social control theory
In the course of my everyday life, I am often videotaped or photographed, when I use the ATM, when I go through the border patrol checkpoint, as I shop in Target or Fry's. This is an example of:
panoptic surveillance
Maggie always has a Coach handbag, she wears designer Louboutin shoes, and drives a BMW. She feels that her dress and accessories has to reflect her status. This is an example of ______ (two words).
conspicuous consumption
The partially industrialized countries that extract profits from the poorest nations and pass them along to the wealthiest nations are known as____:
semiperipheral countries
Taylor believes that all Italian men are part of the mafia. This is an example of a(n) _____(one word).
stereotype
Donald Trump was quoted as saying that if came home from work and dinner wasn't ready he would be angry. To him, his wife, the woman in the relationship, is responsible for making dinner and having it ready when the man gets home. This is an example of _____ (two words).
gender roles
In the Lakota tradition there were individuals called winkte who were neither male nor female but instead were both. The English word used across many indigenous peoples is _____ .
two-spirit
According to this theory by Merton, when individuals are motivated to achieve culturally defined goals, such as wealth, but are stymied by structural barriers such as racism, this may lead to crime.
strain theory
Tamara has a feminist blog and she posts videos about feminist issues on YouTube. She also has a feminist group on Facebook. She is engaging in ______ (one word).
cyberfeminism
Sally was a middle ranking executive at a company making a six figure salary when she was diagnosed with cancer. Due to the length of her treatment, she was forced to leave her job and is now living on disability and unemployment. This is an example of _____ (two words).
downward mobility
One theory _____ (one word) theory, argues that poor countries are kept in poverty due to exploitation of wealthier nations.
dependency
Marla is intimidated by Rochelle because she thinks that Black women are loud and aggressive, this is an example of a(n) _____ (one word).
prejudice
The idea that social institutions and knowledge are created by the society without having any objective truth is known as ______ .
social constructionism
Alex for a long time thought he was strange because he didn't feel the same sexual attraction for actors and athletes that his friends did. He only feels sexually attracted to a man once he gets to know him and has an emotional bond. Alex would be considered a _______ (one word).
demisexual
One of the challenges for individuals dealing with issues such as being bi-polar or having PTSD is that there is a ______ (one word) in the U.S. for those who have mental health issues.
stigma
Many in my mother's generation refuse to text and email because they claim this technology is making young people lose their social skills and these are cold and impersonal means of communication. One might consider those in my mother's generation as __________
neo-luddites
Tyler, Tim, and Terry were all raised by middle-class parents. After college they created a start-up internet company that they sold for billions of dollars a decade later. They are now retired early and living off of their investments. This is an example of ______ (two words)
intergenerational mobility
This theory _____ (one word) theory, argues that for countries to develop they must abandon their traditional values, attitudes and institutions.
modernization
In some schools, they celebrate Christmas, Channukah, Diwali, and Ramadan. This is an example of:
multiculturalism
Marta is an exemplary employee, she quickly moved through the ranks to a middle management position, however, she has been in the same position for ten years and keeps getting passed over for upper management positions. This is an example of:
glass ceiling
Most of us have been taught that men should be the aggressors in sexual situations, this is an example of a(n) ______ (two words).
sexual script
As one goes through the processes of socialization and resocialization throughout their life, they may begin to identify with a deviant group and internalize the label to create a _______ (two words) such as "nonbinary gender nonconforming."
deviant identity
Many individuals who work in IT can be considered _______ (one word) because they embrace each new technological advance and see technology as a way to make things better in the future.
technophiles
The level of wealth available to acquire material goods and comforts to maintain a particular socioeconomic lifestyle is referred to as the _____ (three words).
standard of living
The measure used to understand differences of income between countries wherein on a 100-point scale 1 represents complete equality and 100 represents the highest possible inequality is called the _______ (two words).
GINI coefficient
A person from India in the United States would be considered an Asian American, however that same person in South Africa would be considered colored. This is an example of the _______.
social construction of race
The ______ (one word) branch of feminism argues that violence against women is one of the mechanisms used by men to assert their power in a society.
radical
Some in the deaf community fear that once a gene has been isolated as causing deafness, there will be genetic testing in utero to determine if a child is going to be deaf and those pregnancies will be terminated, because the fetuses are seen as "deficient." This is an example of ______ (one word).
eugenics
One of the most effective ______ (two words) was Mother Against Drunk Drivers which put pressure on governments both locally and nationally to create and enforce laws about driving while intoxicated.
social movements
Marsha grew up in the inner city. Her family could not afford a computer and her school was impoverished and had a computer lab with 10 computers for 1000 kids. She doesn't know how to type or how to search the internet using Google and therefore she is struggling at Cochise because her instructors expect her to use Moodle and to look up sources on the internet. This is an example of the ______ (two words).
knowledge gap
Roman's father was a store clerk and his mother was a homemaker. Roman earned a degree in philosophy and now is a college professor at a prestigious university. This is an example of:
upward mobility
Dale is the neighborhood handyman. He comes to people's homes and makes minor repairs or helps to build and install things. His clients pay him cash and he doesn't report this income to the IRS. He is part of the _______ (two words).
underground economy
What it means to be Jewish is different for women and for men, for working class and for upper class, and for those of African descent versus those of European descent. To understand this phenomena, researchers use the theoretical framework of ________.
intersectionality
The _______ (one word) branch of feminism believes that the best way to improve the lives and status of women is to remove discriminatory laws and outlaw discriminatory practices.
liberal
Ann feels that none of the terms for sexual orientation such as gay or straight fit her sexuality so she prefers the umbrella term of _____ (one word).
queer
Elliot was speeding and cut off another driver. The other driver flipped him off. This is an example of a(n) ______ (two words) social sanction.
negative informal
The concentration of cultural power and the pervasive and excessive influence of one culture throughout society is known as ______ (two words).
cultural hegemony
According to this theory _____ individuals who have jobs that are fundamentally more important to the society earn more money and therefore inequality is functional for the society.
Davis-Moore thesis
For each product made in the world, there is a _____ (two words) of labor and production that takes it from raw natural resources into a completed product.
commodity chain
Although arguments about _______ (two words) are often focused on race, studies have shown that White women have actually benefitted most from these policies.
affirmative action
The argument that gender must be studied by examining the influences of not only gender but race and class as well comes out of ______ (one word) feminism.
multiracial
Jill is sexually attracted to gender nonconforming individuals, genderfluid individuals, transgendered individuals, cisgendered individuals, and intersexed individuals. In her words, "it's about the person, not the parts." Jill would be considered _____ (one word).
pansexual