Geography & Nature
What is the name of Egypt's one major river?
The Nile
Hunter-Gatherers
The Egyptians built these as huge tombs for kings who had died:
Pyramids
The Sumerians invented this in 3,500 BC. It was used for travel and creating pottery.
The wheel
Name the irrigation system which used a bucket and lever system to lift water:
shaduf
What do we call the low-lying land between hills or mountains where a river flows?
River Valley
This is a practice early farmers used to lead water to their crops:
irrigation
Who was at the very bottom of the Egyptian social pyramid?
slaves
What was the first form of writing used in Mesopotamia?
Cuneiform
When land is good for farming, it can be called this:
fertile
Rivers provided fertile soil because of what material left behind after flooding?
Silt
What do we call having more food than needed?
Surplus
What was the form of writing used in Egypt called?
Hieroglyphics
These were large temples in Mesopotamia, located in the center of the city:
Ziggurats
Mesopotamia and Egypt are both bordered by this sea:
Mediterranean Sea
Natural disasters impacted the _______ of Ancient Civilizations.
populations
This was a tool early farmers used to dig deeper into the earth, allowing the roots of plants to go deeper and absorb more water. At first, people pulled these tools. Later, animals did.
Plow
Egypt was led by a god-like ruler with complete power. What was this ruler called?
Pharaoh
Mesopotamia organized itself into independent ___ ___. These were like small, independent countries.
City States
Egypt and Mesopotamia were both ________, meaning they believed in many gods.
Polytheistic
Name two natural barriers that helped protect ancient civilizations:
Deserts and Mountains
This event allowed people to stop being hunter-gatherers and become farmers instead, settling in farming villages.
Agricultural Revolution
The geography of Egypt includes ______ on the East and West sides of the Nile.
deserts
This was the first ever written law code. It was created by a king in Mesopotamia.
Hammurabi's Code / Code of Hammurabi
Name the two most important rivers in Mesopotamia:
Tigris and Euphrates