Theories and Theorists
Karl Marx is known for this theoretical framework in sociology that analyzes power difference and access to resources.
Foundational process where individuals learn and internalize social norms, values, and beliefs and essential for social integration
What is SOCIALIZATION
Shared beliefs, values, and practices that those in that culture learn
What is CULTURE
Life as a theatrical performance where the front stage vs. back stage are impression management strategies and the social roles define interactions
Examples: Job interviews, social gatherings
What is DRAMATURGICAL THEORY
“A scientific process of research establishes parameters that makes sure results are objective and accurate” (Introduction to Sociology 2e)
What is the SCIENTIFIC METHOD
A functionalist perspective that equates society to the function of the human body as a way to explain how society is structured put forth by which theorist?
Who is Durkheim
Identity shaped by perceptions that reflect others' judgements that form one's self-concept
What is LOOKING GLASS SELF
Community is a definable region which could be small like a neighborhood, or as large as a region or country
What is SOCIETY
The following are considered:
Pre-industrial, Agrarian, Industrial, Post-Industrial, Modern globalized
What are TYPES OF SOCIETIES
The first step in conducting research that is the guide and structure for the research conducted
What is the RESEARCH QUESTION
Husband of Marianne Weber who theorized about bureaucracy and an early symbolic interactionsist interested in how people interact with each other and social structures.
Unique identity through interaction where social roles influence self-concept defined by the stages of self-development defined. Learning through roles and context.
What is MEAD'S THEORY OF SELF
Objects, artifacts, or belongings of a group or culture
Knowledge is socially created and reality shaped by cultural context. Perspectives vary across societies; critique of objective truths
Examples: Gender roles, cultural norms
Conducting subjective research that includes ethnography, interpretive, interviews, observations, and field notes
What is QUALITATIVE RESEARCH METHOD
Theoretical framing criticized for not being 'objective' and too narrowly focused on micro analysis
What is SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONSIM
Understanding complex role relationships and concept of the “generalized other.” Social games teach social norms and recognition of social expectations through teamwork and cooperation develop.
What is GAME STAGE
Feelings of frustration or being disoriented by differences of a culture newly experienced
What is CULTURE SHOCK
Familial bonds shape identity
Friendships enhance well-being
Romantic partnerships involve intimacy
Professional relationships drive networking
Casual acquaintances offer connections
What are TYPES OF RELATIONSHIPS
The American Sociological Association (ASA) establishes parameters for ethical guidelines that sociologists must take into account as they conduct research. The guidelines address conducting studies, properly using existing sources, accepting funding, and publishing results. (Ch 2.3)
What are ETHICS
How we understand the larger historical context of society in terms of the meaning of the ‘inner life’ and the external experience of different individuals.
ex: the personal troubles in context of larger societal problems
What is the SOCIOLOGICAL IMAGINATON
Mimicking without understanding and the fundamental imitation by children. This is an early social learning process with a lack of role comprehension but is the basis for future interactions.
What is PREPARTORY STAGE
Encourages adherence to the cultural norms and imposes sanctions to enforce it
What are SOCIAL CONTROLS
Different communication styles and cultural perceptions of personal space impact of language on interaction. Traditions shape social behaviors in different ways based on cultural norms.
What is CROSS-CULTURAL COMMUNICATION
Starts with a specific environment or location in mind for the study to observe specific behaviors in that environment. “Gathering primary data from the ‘natural environment’ without doing a lab experiment” (Intro to Sociology 2e). Best used with interpretive perspective and qualitative research
What is FIELD RESEARCH